Recap Unit 4 - 3H

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

3 Havo

RECAP Unit 4
Grammar

Today's programme

> Direct speech & indirect speech

> If-sentences

> some & any

Direct speech & indirect speech

WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?

Direct speech = letterlijk als iemand iets zegt -> "......"

Indirect speech = wanneer je door vertelt wat iemand anders heeft gezegd.

Direct > "I love football," said Kate

Indirect > Kate said that she loved football.

Pronouns change

(Speaker: he/she/name of the person) said that (he, she)...

Direct speech: "I fancy a cup of tea," said Jane

Indirect speech: Jane said that she fancied a cup of tea.

Tenses change. 

What do you think the rule might be?  

John (Direct speech): " I am really hungry"

Amy (Indirect speech): John said that he was really hungry.

John (Direct): "I am meeting Paul for dinner" 

Amy (Indirect): John said he was meeting Paul for dinner. 

John (Direct): "I need something to eat now"

Amy (Indirect): John said that he needed something to eat then. 

To remember!

Present simple --------------------

Present continuous --------------

Present perfect --------------------

Past simple -------------------------

Past simple

Past continuous

Past perfect

Past perfect

Modal verbs (Direct vs Indirect)

Can becomes Could

Will become Would

Would stays as Would

Direct - "I can't go to school," said Tim

Indirect - Tim said that he couldn't go to school

All tenses in indirect speech ...?

1. Stay the same: present continuous stays present continuous. I am working --> I am working.
2. Go from past tense to present tense. Past simple becomes present simple. I was --> I am.
3. Go 1 step back in time: present simple --> past simple. I work --> I worked.
4. Go to a future tense: present simple becomes future simple I sleep --> I will/going to sleep.

We use indirect speech to:

1. To give someone an idea what the other person has said.
2. To quote people.
3. To tell someone what another person has said.

"I can see the clouds.".
He told me that she ................ the clouds.

1. can see
2. could see
3. can saw
4. could saw

"He will come tomorrow".
She told me that he ........................ the following day.

1. is coming
2. will come
3. would come

"I have taken the car"
She said that she ..................... the car.

1. had took
2. has taken
3. had take
4. had taken

John: "I am watching Netflix"
He said that he .................... Netflix.

1. was watching
2. is watching
3. had watched
4. watched

"The film started at 8pm"
Jeff said that ................... at 8pm.

1. the film had started
2. the film has started
3. the film would start
4. the film started

If-sentences

1 > first conditional

2 > second conditional

If-sentences > first conditional

Wordt gebruikt als het mogelijk is dat iets gaat gebeuren OF voor dingen die over het algemeen waar zijn.

Bestaat uit 2 delen:

* Bijzin met voorwaarde (begint met if)

* Hoofdzin met gevolg

Bijvoorbeeld:

Als we de bus missen, nemen we een taxi = If we miss the bus, we will get a 
                                                                                                                                                      taxi.

Opbouw zin met First conditional

Een 'first conditional' wordt altijd op dezelfde manier gebruikt:

If we miss the bus, we will get a taxi.

Present Simple      will + hele ww.
DUS:
If..... Present Simple + Will + hele ww

(kan natuurlijk ook andersom)

 Will + hele ww + If..... Present Simple 

If I ... (have) enough money, I ... (buy) new shoes.

1. have - will buy
2. will have - buy
3. have - buy
4. will have - will buy

If I ... (win) the lottery, I ... (treat) myself with a new car.

1. will win - will treat
2. win - treat
3. win - will treat
4. will win - treat

If we ..... (eat) all this cake, we ..... (feel) sick.

1. eat - will feel
2. will eat - feel
3. eat - feel
4. will eat - will feel

If you ....... for your test,
you ...... !

1. don't study - will pass
2. don't study - won't pass
3. study - won't pass
4. study - will pass

If-sentences > second conditional

Wordt gebruikt als het onwaarschijnlijk is dat iets gaat gebeuren.

Bestaat uit 2 delen:

* Bijzin met voorwaarde (begint met if)

* Hoofdzin met gevolg

Bijvoorbeeld:

Als ik een miljonair was, zou ik nooit meer hoeven werken = If I were a millionaire, I would never have to work.

Opbouw zin met Second conditional

Een 'second conditional' wordt altijd op dezelfde manier gebruikt:

Would you forget about us if you became famous?

would + hele ww                                  past simple
DUS:
If..... Past Simple + Would + hele ww

(kan natuurlijk ook andersom)

 Would + hele ww + If..... Past Simple 

If he ...... a millionaire, he ........ his money on cars and fancy things!

1. was - would spend
2. were - would spend
3. would be - spent
4. is - would spend

If you ......... so stubborn (koppig), you ......... be in trouble now.

1. were - would
2. don't be - won't
3. weren't - won't
4. weren't - wouldn't

some & any

dit is een herhaling van leerjaar 1+2

Changes

Let op!
ERGENS = somewhere - anywhere

IEMAND = somebody - anybody (someone - anyone)
IETS = something - anything

I'm hungry. Can I have ____ to eat?

She hardly knew ____ at her new school.

Can I have ____ milk in my coffee, please?

________ must have seen her walk out the house!

He didn't do _________ interesting.

Good luck! Prepare yourself well for the test!