A short completed action in the past.
Verb + ed or the irregular verbs.
I finished work early and went home.
My parents called me yesterday.
Sem played basketball when he was at university.
A completed past action that is
still relevant.
Have/has verb+ed or irregular verb
I have lived in Utrecht for two years now.
My mom has been sick for weeks.
Stefan and Sofie have slept through their alarms.