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Relative Clauses (en)
Relative clauses
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Slide 1:
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Engels
Middelbare school
havo, vwo
Leerjaar 3
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30 slides
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interactive quizzes
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text slides
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Lesson duration is:
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Items in this lesson
Relative clauses
Slide 1 - Slide
What is a relative clause?
My brother, who is 24 years old, still lives at home
Slide 2 - Slide
Relative clauses
provide additional information on something or someone.
The thief
who
robbed an old lady
was sent to jail.
Slide 3 - Slide
Relative pronouns
Link to a word previously mentioned
Links up two parts of the sentence
Martin played Tennis with Sophie,
who
was slightly injured.
relative pronoun
Noa sold her phone,
which
was old and damaged.
relative pronoun
Slide 4 - Slide
Relative Clauses
who
or
that
- people
which
or
that
- animals & things
whose
-
posession or ownership
where
- places
Relative pronouns
Slide 5 - Slide
1. Defining relative clauses
Defining relative clauses:
essential information
In the middle or at the end of sentence
No commas!
He is the doctor
who helped my grandmother.
This is the airport
where I lost my bag.
Slide 6 - Slide
2. Non-defining relative clauses
Non-defining relative clauses:
additional information
In the middle or at the end of sentence
Start and end with commas
Do not use
that
The Times,
which is published in London,
is a daily newspaper.
The Times is a daily newspaper.
Slide 7 - Slide
Non-defining relative clauses
Non-defining relative clauses
can also comment on the rest of the sentence.
Begin with
which
Sam was late for dinner again,
which made their mother furious.
Slide 8 - Slide
Relative Clauses
Relative pronouns
We can leave out
who
,
which
, and
that
when they are followed by a noun or
pronoun
.
He is the man
who/that
she
wants to marry. =
He is the man
she
wants to marry.
This is the man
who/that
wants to marry her.
Slide 9 - Slide
Relative pronouns
You can leave out relative pronouns if:
it is a 'defining relative clause'
the pronoun does NOT relate to the subject
there is a
pronoun
behind it
The flowers
which
he
gave me were beautiful.
Persoonlijk: ik, jij, hij, etc.
Bezittelijk: mijn, zijn, onze, etc.
Wederkerend: me, je, zich, etc.
The flowers he gave me were beautiful.
Slide 10 - Slide
3. Reduced relative clauses
Reduced relative clauses
Use the
Present Participle
or the
Past Participle
instead of the
relative pronoun + verb
can be both defining and non-defining
Elderly people
living
alone should have friends and family to care for them.
3. Reduced relative clauses
Elderly people
who live alone
should have friends and family to care for them.
Slide 11 - Slide
Relative pronouns
Who / which
together with
preposition
preposition mostly in the end.
preposition can also be in the beginning of sentence: formal
'Who'
changes to
'whom'
The officer, who Lee told his story
to
, was shocked.
The officer,
to
whom
Leed told his story, was shocked.
Slide 12 - Slide
Defining relative clauses
essential info
no commas
you can use 'that'
can't leave this part out of the sentence
Non-defining relative clauses
non-essential info
commas: yes!
you can leave out this part of the sentence and it still makes sense.
(It "doesn't define" the sentence.")
Slide 13 - Slide
Defining relative clauses
essential info
no commas
you can use 'that'
can't leave this part out of the sentence
Non-defining relative clauses
non-essential info
commas: yes!
you can leave out this part of the sentence and it still makes sense.
(It "doesn't define" the sentence.")
Reduced relative clauses
can be both defining and non-defining
Use the Present Participle or the Past Participle instead of the relative pronoun + verb
Slide 14 - Slide
Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in this sentence?
I want to read the book........you gave me.
A
which, that , who
B
which, that, X
C
who, whose, whom
D
which, that
Slide 15 - Quiz
Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in this sentence:
The officer, ....... John told his story to, was nice
A
who, that
B
who, that, X
C
who,
D
which, that
Slide 16 - Quiz
We had spaghetti .... is my favourite meal, for dinner last night.
A
whom
B
whose
C
which
D
who
Slide 17 - Quiz
which two relative pronouns belong to people?
A
who and that
B
who and which
C
which and whom
D
whose and who
Slide 18 - Quiz
learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org
Slide 19 - Link
He is a famous architect ...
designs won an international award last year.
A
who
B
which
C
that
D
whose
Slide 20 - Quiz
This is Mary, ...
is taking over my job when I leave.
A
who
B
which
C
that
D
whose
Slide 21 - Quiz
The photocopier, ...
has a two-year guarantee, costs $2000.
A
who
B
which
C
that
D
whose
Slide 22 - Quiz
He is the consultant ...
advice I rely on.
A
whose
B
who
C
that
D
whom
Slide 23 - Quiz
The people ...
were stopped at the border were all from Eastern Europe.
A
whose
B
which
C
that
D
whom
Slide 24 - Quiz
https:
Slide 25 - Link
https:
Slide 26 - Link
https:
Slide 27 - Link
https:
Slide 28 - Link
Any questions??
Slide 29 - Slide
Slide 30 - Slide
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