Week 13 1st 3h Complete recap

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Agenda

Complete recap of all grammar

This lesson is meant as a resource for you to study with. It contains all the grammar from units 5 and 6 with videos.

Unit 5

5.1 Zero Conditional

5.2 Speculating and predicting (future)

5.3 Future Perfect and Future Continuous

5.4 will, going to, may/might, present continuous and future continuous

Unit 6

6.1 Reorted Speech (statements)

6.2 Reported Speech (questions)

6.3 Speculating about the past

6.4 Indirect questions

5.1 Zero conditional

Action -> Result

If -> Then

Zero Conditional

Het gaat hierbij om gewoontes en feiten:

Zero conditional

5.2 Speculating and predicting

Speculating and predicting

1. To talk about possibility in the future:

                            may, might, could + base form

2. Negative = may or might not

3. To make predictions we use will

4. If not sure = I think  or probably

first conditional

First conditional

5.3 Future perfect and future continuous

Actions that will be finished	Actions that will be happening
Future perfect	Future continuous

Future continuous   Future perfect

I hope that, 20 years from now, we'll all be living in towns like Gaviotas.

In PROGRESS

will + be + verb-ing

50 years from now, we will have used up all the Earth's resources.

FINISHED

will + have + past participle

5.4 will, going to, may/might, present continuous and future continuous

Future with will

We use future with will when we're talking about predictions that you don't have evidence for, and decisions made in the moment of speaking.

Also for offers, promises, agreements, announcements

Will + infinitive

Going to and future continuous

We use going to and future continuous for things we have already decided to do in the future

I am going to study medicine at university.

This time tomorrow I will be taking my exam.

May and might

We use may and might if we are not sure if something will happen. (but it is possible)

Future with present continuous

You use the present continuous when you have something planned such as a meet up with your friends or when you are going to the doctor:

*We're having a party this Sunday
* I'm leaving for France on 17 July

Am/is/are + WW + ing

6.1 Reported Speech

We use reported speech to report what someone has said. (You don´t use the exact words they said).

Direct speech -> reported speech

¨We live in Portugal.¨ -> He said they lived in Portugal.

How to form reported speech

When you change direct speech into reported speech, you change the tense one step back to be further in the past.

¨I am trying to sleep.¨ (present continuous)

She said she was trying to sleep. (past continuous)

Pronouns change

We are hungry -> They said they were hungry.

Time expressions change

6.2 Reported questions

Reported questions are just like reported speech. When you use it, you change your tense one tense back, and the pronouns and time expression change.

Where are you? -> He asked me where I was.

Yes or no questions

For yes or no questions we use if:

(person) asked (me/them/him etc) if

Are you at home? -> They asked me if I was at home.

Wh questions

(person) asked (her/us/them etc) + Wh word

Where are you? -> They asked me where I was.

Reported questions

In reported questions the subject comes before the verb, and you drop the auxilliary verbs (do/did):

What do you like to eat? -> She asked me what I liked to eat.

6.3 Speculating about the past

We use the words could have / might have, must have, can´t have to speculate about the past.

They are always followed by a past participle (3rd form).

Where is my phone? I must have left it somewhere. I can´t have left it at school -- I didn´t take it there. My sister might have picked it up.

Must

We use must have when we are certain that something happened in the past.

The only place I haven´t looked for my keys is the car. I must have left them there.

Can´t

We use can´t have when we are certain that something did not happen in the past.

I´ve checked the car, under the seats and everything. You can´t have left your keys there.

Might and could

Might have or could have are used when we aren´t sure whether an event in the past happened or not.

Perhaps they´re at home. I could / might have left my keys at home.

6.4 Indirect questions

Indirect questions with the phrases shown in the previous slide are more polite than direct questions. We use them to ask for information or favors.

Yes/no

Indirect questions with yes or no amswers use if:

Can you tell me if the train to London has left yet?

Wh questions

To form indirect questions with a wh word we use the question word and change the word order of the question.

Where is the exit?

Could you tell me where the exit is, please?

Practice

Do the exercises on page 62 in your students book to practice

If you have finished you may study the vocabulary words in quizlet