1.4 Egypt, a powerful state

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1.4 Egypt, a powerful state

‘I bring people’s offerings to the gods.’

‘I help the pharaoh to lead the army.’

‘I am the king of Egypt.’

‘I write down laws.’

‘I make things with my hands.’

‘I have to work the fields.’

'I am the property of someone else'

Look at the following statements and drag the professions to the correct person.

craftsman

pharaoh

farmer

general

low civil servant

priest

slave

Learning objectives

1. You can explain what administrative changes resulted from the appearance of agriculture in Egypt. 
2. You can give an explanation for why a script developed in Egypt.
3. You can explan what role religion played in the lives of the Egyptians. 
   

Egypt under a single ruler 

Administration (Management)

Was needed to make sure that the dykes and chanels were looked after 

State 

A country with borders, a single administration and the same laws and rules. 

And this under the rule of a ......? 

Who was at the top of Egyptian society?

1. Merchants
2. Officials
3. Pharaoh
4. Priests

Goverment officials 

These are the people worked for the Pharaoh. 

Tax collectors, scribes and judges.

Egyptians had to pay tax. 

What is tax?

How did the Egyptians pay their taxes? Did they use coins, gold or something else?

Script

Script was invented to record how much tax everyone paid.

H............ appeared around 3100 BC.

The earliest alphabetic writing was invented around 2000 BC.

Around 1000 BC. A group called the Phoenicians devised an alphabet with 22 letters. 

Religion

Egyptians believed in multiple Gods this is called polytheism

The Egyptians also worshipped the Nile and the animals around the Nile. This is called nature worship. 

With religion also came

• T.....
• P.....
• O.........

Maak de juiste combinaties

Anubis the God of graves

Ra the Sun God

Sobek God of the Nile

Osiris God of the afterlife

Put the steps of mummifi-

cation in the correct order.

The body is cut open and the organs are taken out.

The sarcophagus is placed in a grave, which is filled with gifts.

The priests remove the brain 

with a hook.

The mummy is put in a sarcophagus.

The body is wrapped in cloth.

The body is washed and 

laid in salt.

The organs are placed in jars that are in the shape of gods.

Name one administrative change in Egypt

Why was script(hieroglyphs) invented

1. To tell the stories of the pharaohs
2. To tell the stories of the Gods
3. To keep track of how much tax was payed
4. So people could communicate with each other

The Egyptians believed that the gods ruled and guided their entire lives.

1. True
2. False

Hunter-gatherers

Specialisation 

Writing system

Leadership is needed 

Market places

arise

Fertile 

Crescent

Social 

stratum

Trade

Urban community 

Rise of 

agriculture

Rules and laws needed

Agricultural surplus

Population growth

Irrigation farming

Co-operating language 

• How about we put..... ? 
• I don't know about you, but i think a good one would be...
• Good thinking! I hadn't thought about that