Cell Biology Review

• Biology
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• GCSE

Biology Paper 1 - Cell Biology Review

This lesson is designed to revise key ideas about Cell Biology along with some examples of exam questions. 

Start by drawing an animal cell and a plant cell and labelling it from memory!

Match the parts of a cell to their function

nucleus

ribosomes

cell membrane

mitochondria

chloroplasts

cytoplasm

cell wall

vacuole

Match the labels to their parts

Flagella

Cell wall

Cell membrane

Cytoplasm

Capsule

Free DNA

Plasmid

Where does photosynthesis take place?

1. Cytoplasm
2. Vacuole
3. Chloroplast
4. Mitochondria

Which of the below is the site of energy release?

1. Cytoplasm
2. Vacuole
3. Chloroplast
4. Mitochondria

Which of the below is the site of most chemical reactions?

1. Cytoplasm
2. Vacuole
3. Chloroplast
4. Mitochondria

Which of the below contains cell sap and supports the cell

1. Cytoplasm
2. Vacuole
3. Chloroplast
4. Mitochondria

Which of the below produces proteins?

1. Cell wall
2. Ribosomes
3. Cell membrane
4. Nucleus

Which of the below controls what enters and leaves the cell?

1. Cell wall
2. Ribosomes
3. Cell membrane
4. Nucleus

How many micrometers are in a millimeter?

1. 10
2. 100
3. 1000
4. 10000

If you had a printed image and you know how big it is in real life - how would you work out the magnification?

1. I = A x M
2. M = I / A
3. A = I x M
4. I = A / M

02:40

If he used a x20 objective lens what would the total magnification be?

1. x20
2. x10
3. x200
4. x2000

03:47

Why is important to have a very thin sample?

04:59

Where does the slide go?

1. Objective lens
2. Stage
3. Base
4. Under the eyepiece

09:14

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Change to a higher power objective lens making sure it doesn't touch the sample

Ensure the lowest magnification lens is in place

Look at the sample from the side and move the lens/stage as close as possible

readjust focus if needed by making small movements of the fine focus knob

Carefully use the coarse focus knob to move the lens and focus the slide

After the coarse focus, use the fine focus for smaller adjustments

Exam question practice

Describe how the student should adjust the microscope to see the cells on Slide A more clearly.
(1 mark)

Markscheme

 turn the (fine focusing) knob until the cells are in focus

allow focus it

do not accept increase magnification

ignore decrease magnification

ignore clear

ignore references to resolution / illumination

ignore zoom in / out

1

Describe how the student should adjust the microscope to see the cells on Slide B more clearly.
(2 marks)

Markscheme

  (rotate the) nosepiece / objective lens

allow change the (objective / eyepiece) lens

1

to a higher power (lens)

allow (to) increase the magnification

a comparator is required

ignore change / adjust the magnification

allow stronger or more powerful lens

ignore references to resolution / illumination unqualified

ignore zoom in / out

ignore references to an electron microscope

1

- makes new proteins and cell parts

Quick Check - on your lined paper answer these - 

Drag the statements to the right part of the venn diagram

Mitosis only

Mitosis and Meiosis

Meiosis only

Creates genetically identical cells

Creates 4 cells

Creates 2 cells

Creates cells that are genetically different to each other and the parent

Daughter cells contain same number of chromosomes

Daughter cells contain half the number of chromosomes

makes body cells

makes gametes

is a form of cell division

is needed to create a human baby

used for growth and repair

has one round of division

has two rounds of division

DNA replicates before it

Water goes into root hair cells by...

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Root hair cells absorb minerals up their concentration gradient by...

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Which does not require a cell membrane to occur?

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Which requires energy to occur?

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Which of these is how oxygen moves into the blood from the alveoli?

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Which of these is how glucose is absorbed into cells from the gut after most of it has already been absorbed?

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Which of these processes is involved in regulating the amount of water in your urine?

1. Osmosis
2. Diffusion
3. Active Transport

Put the steps to find the concentration in the correct order

1

2

3

4

5

Find the change in mass or length

Find the percentage change

Plot the data onto a graph

Draw a line of best fit

Read the graph to find where the line crosses the x axis to find the concentration

Complete the table

Draw a graph and work out the solute concentration in the potato