Psychodynamic Gender

Psychodynamic Gender

What does the girl learn by emulating her mother?

1. Leadership skills
2. Traditional gender roles
3. Independence
4. Aggression

What does the girl do to her mother during this stage?

1. Ignores her
2. Becomes hostile
3. Supports her
4. Loves her more

What feelings does the girl develop for her father?

1. Indifference
2. Fear
3. Unconscious sexual feelings
4. Hostility

Who does the girl initially feel attached to?

1. Her father
2. Her brother
3. Her mother
4. Her friend

What does a girl experience when she realizes she lacks a penis?

1. Oedipus complex
2. Father attachment
3. Penis envy
4. Mother fixation

What stage does the Oedipus complex occur?

1. Latency stage of development
2. Anal stage of development
3. Oral stage of development
4. Phallic stage of development

What is the primary erogenous zone in this stage?

1. Genitalia
2. Anus
3. Mouth
4. Feet

What do boys desire in the Oedipus complex?

1. Ownership of siblings
2. Ownership of the mother
3. Ownership of the father
4. Ownership of peers

What fear does a boy experience?

1. Fear of failure
2. Fear of darkness
3. Fear of castration
4. Fear of abandonment

How does a boy resolve the Oedipus conflict?

1. Identifying with his father
2. Ignoring his father
3. Rejecting his mother
4. Competing with his father

What is a key flaw of the theory?

1. It applies only to heterosexual families.
2. It is supported by extensive research.
3. It finds no impact from family structure.
4. Gender development is not complex-dependent.

How do children with lesbian parents develop gender identities?

1. They lack normal social relationships.
2. In a less typical manner.
3. They have difficulties with gender roles.
4. Similar to heterosexual parents' children.

Who challenged the predictive validity of the theory?

1. Bandura
2. Patterson
3. Freud
4. Erikson

What does the theory predict about one-parent families?

1. They have normal social relationships.
2. They struggle with gender identity.
3. They are unaffected by family structure.
4. They develop gender identities similarly.

What influences a woman's attitude towards men?

1. Self-esteem from Electra complex resolution
2. Educational achievements
3. Cultural background
4. Career success

What can frustration at the phallic stage cause?

1. Incapable of intimacy
2. Strong emotional connections
3. Desire for independence
4. High levels of empathy

What behavior may fixation cause?

1. Excessive altruism
2. Amoral behavior or homosexuality
3. Overconfidence in abilities
4. Extreme introversion

What can result from unresolved Electra complex?

1. A lack of ambition
2. Resistance to authority figures
3. Strong relationships with parents
4. Low or high self-esteem

What leads to gender developmental issues?

1. Neglect during infancy
2. Excessive discipline in adolescence
3. Fixation at the phallic stage
4. Overindulgence in the oral stage

What did Little Hans develop a fear of?

1. birds
2. horses
3. cats
4. dogs

What did Levin report in his study?

1. anxiety disorders
2. penis envy in bipolar patients
3. depression symptoms
4. fear of spiders

What is a limitation of the Oedipus complex?

1. It occurs in the oral stage
2. It requires parental guidance
3. It only affects boys
4. Children must know anatomical differences

What age range is relevant for these complexes?

1. 9-12 years old
2. 6-8 years old
3. 3-6 years old
4. 1-2 years old

Who found children unaware of opposite sex genitalia?

1. Bem
2. Jung
3. Adler
4. Freud

What is a concern regarding Freud's theories?

1. Focus only on male patients
2. Complete rejection of female psychology
3. Gender bias in his theories
4. Equal treatment of both genders

What did Freud generalize in his theories?

1. Exclusively about childhood development
2. Only female-focused theories
3. Separate theories for each gender
4. Male-focused theories for both genders

How did Freud view the Electra complex?

1. A literal envy of male genitalia
2. An equal theory to Oedipus complex
3. Negative Oedipus complex
4. A positive development for girls

What does Lacan suggest about penis envy?

1. Literal desire for a penis
2. A positive aspect of development
3. Symbolic envy of male power
4. A sign of female weakness

Freud's theory on gender development is considered?

1. Completely accepted by all psychologists
2. Mixed opinion on its explanation
3. A definitive explanation
4. Irrelevant to gender issues

What did Chodorow suggest about mothers and daughters?

1. They are more independent than boys
2. They are closer due to same sex

Who conducted observations on mother-daughter pairs?

1. Goldberg and Lewis
2. Freud and Adler

Who do boys and girls identify with?

1. Their fathers
2. Their mothers

Which gender succeeds in identifying with fathers?

1. Daughters
2. Sons

What does Chodorow's theory not predict?

1. Problems in heterosexual families
2. Problems in same-sex families