The menstrual cycle

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

The reproductive system

& the menstrual cycle

First...

Some revision. Finish the 'drag and drop' questions on the next two slides to test your memory.

F

M

chest hair

wider hips

wider shoulders

pubic hair

breastss

muscular shape

wet dream

ovaries

uterus

testes

curvy shape

menstruation

facial hair

vagina

deeper voice

pregnancy

armpit hair

penis

Uterus

Fallopian tube

ovary

Urinary bladder

Urethra

Vagina

Today: The menstrual cycle

On the next slide we test what you already know about this...

fact

fake

Girls carry all egg cells since birth in their ovaries

normally all healthy women have a menstrual cycle

the menstruation blood contains an egg cell 

the length of the menstrual cycle differs per individual

the average age for the first menstruation is 11 years

Next: Take out your notebook!

1. Read the information (and watch the video using earphones) on the next slides and take notes. 

2. You will have to answer questions about the topic afterwards.

What is menstruation?

• Release of blood from the uterus (uterus lining) through the vagina
• Start around age 12

Take notes in your notebook!

How does it happen? 

• Hormones estrogen en progesterone build up uterus lining
  
  
• Fertilized egg could attach to this
  
  
• No fertilized egg? --> Lining is shed
  
  
• cylce: it happens over and over again (450 times in a life time)

Take notes in your notebook!

The menstrual cycle

4 Phases

• Phase 1 (day 1-5) : menstruation
  Uterus lining is shed through the vagina (no fertilized egg)
  
  
• Phase 2 (day 6-12): repair phase
  uterus lining build new layer of mucus
  *new egg cell develops in the ovary

4 Phases

• Phase 3: Ovulation (day 13-15)
  A new egg cell (ova) is released and send down the oviduct (fallopian tube)
  
  
• Phase 4: Receptive phase (day 16 - 28)
  Uterus lining grows to form a 'nest' for the egg cell
  *No fertilized egg cell? --> cycle starts again!

In which part of the female reproductive system do the ova (egg cells) develop?

1. Fallopian tube/Oviduct
2. Ovaries
3. Uterus
4. Vagina

In which part of the female reproductive system does the fertilised egg cell grow into a baby?

1. Fallopian tube/Oviduct
2. Ovaries
3. Uterus
4. Vagina

What determines the beginning of the menstruation cycle?

1. Release of blood through the vagina
2. The release of the egg cell from the ovaries
3. The growing of the uterus lining
4. The cycle can start anytime

How do we call the release of an egg cell into the oviduct / fallopian tube?

1. Fertilization
2. Ovulation
3. Pregnancy
4. Contraceptive

On which day in the cycle
does ovulation occur?

1. Day 1
2. Day 14
3. Day 20
4. Day 28

How long does an released egg cell survive?

1. 15 days
2. 4 days
3. about an hour
4. 1-2 days

The cycle is for everyone the same. It is always 28 days.

1. True
2. False

What is shed during the menstruation of a female?

1. The ovaries
2. The egg cell
3. The uterus lining
4. Nothing

Copy this diagram in your notebook

We summarized 4 phases in the menstrual cycle. Indicate where each phase is in the graph / diagram. Add a short description of what happens in that phase.

4 Phases

• Phase 1 (day 1-5) : menstruation
  Uterus lining is shed through the vagina (no fertilized egg)
  
  
• Phase 2 (day 6-12): repair phase
  uterus lining build new layer of mucus
  *new egg cell develops in the ovary

4 Phases

• Phase 3: Ovulation (day 13-15)
  A new egg cell (ova) is released and send down the oviduct (fallopian tube)
  
  
• Phase 4: Receptive phase (day 16 - 28)
  Uterus lining grows to form a 'nest' for the egg cell
  *No fertilized egg cell? --> cycle starts again!

Questions I have about the
menstrual period are....

How do I feel about individual LessonUp lessons like this?

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Want to learn more?

Go to: 

https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/56267456

and

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zcnp7p3/revision/1