2.2 The emergence of Pillarization

• Geschiedenis
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• Leerjaar 3

2.2 Pillarization

Explain in your own words what you think “Pillarization” means

2.2 The emergence of Pillarization

At the end......

• You can explain what pillarization is. 
• You can explain and name the four pillars and groups.
• You can explain what the School Funding Battle was all about.

Pillarization

• Abraham Kuyper laid the foundation for pillarisation. 

Everything separated by religious or political beliefs.

Protestant column, Catholic column, liberal column and socialist column.

Reformed Protestants

• First political party of the Netherlands: ARP (1879).
• Abraham Kuyper, 
• Voters: “Kleine Luyden”: workers who worked hard: shopkeepers, school teachers, farmers.
• Kuyper wants his constituency to be allowed to vote.  

Catholics

• Catholics also started a party.

Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP) in 1904 

Herman Schaepman

School Funding Battle

• Publicly funded education: in practice not much religious education
• 1848: freedom of education ==> Everyone the right to found their own school.  
  

Independant education

• Public schools were funded by the state.
• Confessionalists started founding their own schools: independant education
• Confessionalists  had to pay for everything themselves

Battle

• Protestants and Catholics wanted their schools to be treated equally.
• The 1917 constitutional amendment ended the School Struggle.

Workers

• Members of Parliament  (from the elite) often did not pay attention to workers' needs.
• From 1870: associations active to improve workers' conditions.
• Main spokesman: Domela Nieuwenhuis

Party

• 1882: Social Democratic League

• Domela Nieuwenhuis became an MP (but he was ignored) 

• Therefore he wanted to overthrow the existing order by means of a revolution.

Social Democratic Worker's Party

• 1894: Social Democratic Worker's Party  by Pieter Jelles Troelstra.
• Achieving Universal Suffrage

Politics

In politics, the pillars do need to work together. 

Because. no pillar achieved a majority in the elections. 

(You need a majority to form a government)

Het dak van de Tempel van de Nederlandse Verzuiling staat symbool voor het Nederlandse bestuur. 

Politics 2

Liberals and socialists work together.

Because. they both wanted universal suffrage for everyone. Instead of only people who paid a lot of taxes.

Politics 3

Catholics and Protestants work together.

After all. they both wanted their independant schools funded by the state

How about that?

Politics 4

Catholics and Protestants get subsidy for independant  schools. 

In exchange for...

Liberals and socialists get universal male suffrage. 

Solution? 1917

File of goals

Make sure you work on learning objective 4 / pages 14+15 of your goal file this week.