V4 entl1 & 8 lesson 2.2_comparisons_adverbs_adjectives_wk 47

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Today's objectives

• Irregular verbs & vocab review

• HW: Using new vocabulary & use of  negative prefixes (mis-/ir-/non- etc.) and using prefixes/suffixes to change the word category (a wonder - wonderful; incredible - incredibly) 

(ex. 14/15/16) + ex. 17/18 (adverbs/adjectives) and ex. 19 (speaking)

• Lesson 2.3 - reading comprehension & Past Continuous

• HW next class: Lesson 2.3 - reading text + ex. 1-7; review vocab lessons 1 & 2

Irregular verbs - 2nd/3rd form/meaning

1. light
2. ring
3. sink
4. sit
5. tear
6. wear
7. withdraw
8. win
9. strike
10. flee
11. fly
12. lie
13. lay
14. drive

Vocabulary Unit 2 - lessons 1&  2 - E-N

1. Genuine  = 
2. Gruelling  =  
3. Vocational = 
4. Union (the unions demonstrated for better salaries) = 
5. emcee = 
6. pinnacle = 
7. sustain = 
8.  punctual =
9. illegible = 
10. to reside = 

11. comprehensive =

12. to crack down on = 

Vocabulary Unit 2 - lessons 1&  2 - E-N

1. Genuine  = echt/oprecht
2. Gruelling  =  afmattend
3. Vocational = beroeps- (opleiding -> vocational education = MBO)
4. Union (the unions demonstrated for better salaries) = vakbond
5. emcee = ceremoniemeester
6. pinnacle = hoogtepunt
7. sustain = behouden
8.  punctual = op tijd
9. illegible = onleesbaar
10. to reside = wonen (formeel taalgebruik)

11. comprehensive = veelomvattend, uitgebreid

12. to crack down on = met harde hand aanpakken

Vocabulary Unit 2 - lessons 1&  2 - N-E

1. Aantekeningen maken = 
2.  Beledigend = 
3. Tussen twee haakjes = 
4. Verbinden = 
5. Waaronder = 
6. Blijven = 
7.  Uitgebreid = 
8. Vertegenwoordigen = 
9. Aanpassen = 
10. Ambitieus = 
11. In feite (niet "in fact") = 
12. Te boven komen = 

Vocabulary Unit 2 - lessons 1&  2 - N-E

1. Aantekeningen maken = to make/ to take notes
2.  Beledigend = offensive
3. Tussen twee haakjes = By the way
4. Verbinden = to link
5. Waaronder = including
6. Blijven = to remain
7.  Uitgebreid = extensive
8. Vertegenwoordigen = to represent
9. Aanpassen = to adjust
10. Ambitieus = aspiring
11. In feite (niet "in fact") = basically
12. Te boven komen = to overcome

Past Continuous (PC)

Form: (I/he/she/it) was (you/we/they) were + verb + ing

i.e. we were dancing all night long.

P.C. is often combined with the P.S.(past simple = 2nd form) to longer, "background" activities, whilst the PS refers to shorter actions that happened in the middle of longer ones.

i.e. I was walking down the street when I saw the hooligans.

Past Simple & Used to

Form =

irreg. verbs = 2nd form

reg. verbs = verb + ed

• A finished action in the past. You know when it happened.

• Actions which follow each other in a story (3 or more actions in a story = past simple)

• A past situation or habit = I used to sing / I didn't use to sing

Past Continuous

Form: 

(I/he/she/it) was (you/we/they) were + verb + ing

• Duration - to express an activity in progress before (and probably after) a particular time in the past 

• To express an interrupted past activity

• Stories - To describe the scene ( i.e. Harry was calmly reading a novel and the birds were quietly chirping. Harriet decided not to rush him.)

      Past Simple -> used to indicate a past action in a story

Adjectives vs Adverbs - SB p. 65-66

• The red car -> the adjective modifies the noun (bnw. zegt iets over het zelfst. nmw.)

• The completely red car -> the adverb modifies the adjective (bw. zegt iets over het bnw.)

• Fortunately, she drives the completely red car really well. (bw zegt iets over de hele zin; zegt iets over hoe je iets doet/over het werkwoord)

Comparisons - SB p. 68-69

• Adjective 1-syllable word - er/est (bigger than; the tallest)

• Adjective (> or =) 3-syllable words - more/most (more beautiful than; the most beautiful)

• Adjective 2-syllable words - er/est or more/most (SB p. 68)

• Adverbs (ending in -LY) - more/most (She danced more beautifully than he did.)

• Irregular adverbs (good/better/best; bad/worse/worst; few/fewer/fewest; little/less/least etc.)

Comparisons adjectives

• Adjective 1-syllable word - er/est (bigger than; the tallest)

• Adjective (> or =) 3-syllable words - more/most (more beautiful than; the most beautiful)

• Adjective 2-syllable words - er/est or more/most (SB p. 68)

• Adjectives with 2 syllables ending with:  -er/ -ow/ -le AND the adjectives common, cruel, handsome, pleasant, quiet, stupid, sure -> TWO comparative forms: with er/est and with more/most

Comparisons adverbs

• Adverbs (ending in -LY) - more/most (She danced more beautifully than he did.)

• Irregular adverbs (good/better/best; bad/worse/worst; few/fewer/fewest; little/less/least etc.)

NOTE

little/less/least (non-countable - milk/gold/love/hate - material/abstract)

few/fewer/fewest (countable - chair/spoon/people - plurals)

much/more/most (non-countable) -> non-countable = abstract nouns (love/hate/attention etc.) + materials (wood, water, milk)

many/more/most (countable) -> countable = nouns that can be put into a plural form

late/later/last (de laatste qua binnenkomst)

late/later/latest (de nieuwste)

the late Mr. Steve Jobs = wijlen

old/older/oldest

old/elder/eldest (familierelaties)

far/farther-further/farthest-furthest

far/further -> aanvullende (further details; further inquiry)

Adjectives with number

• The fifty-pound note
• I have a note of fifty pounds.

• The 80-year-old grandmother.
• The grandmother who is 80 years old

• The 13-year-old girl
• The girl who is thirteen years old