Session 5

• Mathematics
• Foundation Degree

Unit 5 - Keeping children safe

Session 5 

BTEC Level 3 Foundation Diploma

ZE32051

[e-mail] 

Recap

In the last 4 sessions, we have: 

1. Explored relevant legislations in relation to health & safety. 
2. Explained the role of the practitioner. 
3. Considered the importance of procedures and policies used in Early Years to manage H&S. 
4. Effectively completed a risk assessment in the sensory garden.

Learning objectives

In today's session we will be able to … 

• Recap and link legislation to the requirements of Health & Safety. 
• Understand and explore common childhood illnesses in relation to current NHS guidance for immunisation. 
• Explain relevant legislation to preventing the spread of infection.
• Explore the importance of personal hygiene and PPE. 

In session 1, we explored approaches
to keeping children safe.
Identify two.

In session 2 we looked
at legislations, identify one important
piece of information from
Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)

In session 3 we looked at the importance of meeting the requirements in the EYFS 2023 for safeguarding. Summarise one of these requirements.

Legislation link to H&S (connect)

COSHH (2002)

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations

In relation to these regulations, all employers must make sure that risk assessments and effective procedures are maintained when storing substances that pose a risk to health. 

We have discussed previously different chemicals which need to be stored correctly. 

Without looking back in your notes can you write down 5 substances that can be hazardous to health?

Common child hood illness

Common childhood illnesses

Infection	How it is spread	How it can be minimised
Chickenpox	Airborne particles and close contact with infected child.	Sanitising toys and surfaces, washing hands and quarantining the child for 5 days.
Diarrhoea and vomiting by food poisoning	Bacteria spread in food and by touch and ingestion.	Handwashing regularly, good food hygiene, quarantining any child this affects as well as consistent cleaning.
Common cold and coughs	Spread through airborne particles and close contact to another.	Good ventilation Handwashing correctly Disposing of tissues.
Conjuctivitis	Spread through hand to eye contacts by hands or objects that have the bacteria.	Wash hands thoroughly Sanitise toys and avoid sharing items.
Threadworms	Can spread through clothes, toys, tooth brushes, pets and food.	Strict hygiene measures and cleaning regularly. Wash hands and vacuum surfaces.
Slapped Cheek	Through coughing and sneezing, (airborne)	Wash hands regularly and sanitise objects and surfaces.
Hand, Foot & Mouth	Personal contact, hugging, sneezing or even contact with feces.	Good hygiene, washing hands regularly. Consider using sanitiser.

Childhood diseases that can be fatal

Childhood diseases that can be fatal for children

Norovirus	Causes diarrhoea and vomiting as well as severe stomach cramps, this can be affect adults too. Fever, chills and a headache may also accompany. Prevention - Wash hands, clean surfaces and avoid cooking.
E- Coli (infection from animals)	E - coli causes severe stomach cramps, diarrhoea with blood and fevers. Symptoms will appear 3 days after contracted. Prevention - Wash hands, cook meat correctly, be careful when dealing and handling animals.
Influenza (Flu)	Influenza causes fever, sore throat, muscle ache, headaches and tiredness. Prevention - Wash hands, stay hydrated, through infected tissues in the bin.
Covid - 19	Covid 19 is an infectious disease, most people infected will show mild to moderate flu like symptoms. Prevention - Isolation in line with current guidance. 3 days isolation for under 18's & 5 days for over 18's . Wash Hands

Infection control

• Controlling infections is how we manage and prevent the spread of them amongst children, often bacteria, parasites and viruses spread quickly. 
• Some infectious diseases are more fatal for children and infants as their immune system is still developing.
• The safeguarding and welfare requirements in the EYFS (2023) clearly state the importance of maintaining good hygiene procedures to prevent the spread of infection. 
• Body hygiene and hand washing are very important when preventing the spread of infections. 

Name 3 ways you can maintain personal hygiene?

Hand washing in Early Years 

Hand washing routines are essential for children and adults, it is the main procedure in preventing the spread of infections. It is important you teach children the correct way to wash their hands.

When children do the following: 

Go to the toilet, before eating or drinking, after touching animals, playing outdoors or when there hands look dirty.

Adults should wash their hands when: 

Prepping food, touching raw meat or fish, nappy changes,

changing children clothes or dealing with any form of

 waste (vomit)

RIDDOR (2013)

Reporting on Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences and Regulations. 

Riddor applies to all Early Years settings and schools in accordance with the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), all employers have a duty of care towards their staff.

Riddor can affect a large majority of workplaces, accidents, injuries or infectious diseases should be reported to  the Health and Safety Executive

What Nurseries must report to RIDDOR?

Death, specified injuries, infectious diseases, dangerous occurrences, accidents involving the public or has emergencies.

Considerations for practitioners

PPE - Personal protective equipment

To prevent the spread of infection Early Years setting should providing protective clothing for staff especially for nappy changes, meal times, disposing of bodily fluids, plasters, cleaning vomit or diarrhoea. 

Effective sanitising 

Decontaminating and cleaning children's toys, equipment and environment should be a natural part of your daily routine. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to maintain a cleaning environment that is hygienic and suitable for children in your care. 

Milton is often used to effectively sanitise Early Years settings.

Key words 

Key words to consider. 

Immunisation - The process by which someone is protected against an infectious disease through a vaccination.

Vaccination - Introduction a vaccine in to the body to produce protection from a specific disease. 

Research Task (NHS vaccination schedule)

Research Task (NHS vaccination schedule)

Age Group	Vaccine	Explanation
2 months	5 in 1 (DTaP/ IPV/ Hib) 1st dose Pneumococcal (PCV) Meningitis B Rotavirus vaccine
3 months	5 in 1 (DTaP/IPV/Hib) 2nd Dose Rotavirus vaccine 2nd dose
4 months	5 in 1 (DTaP/IPV/Hib) 3rd Dose Meningitis B Pneumococcal (PCV) 2nd Dose.
12 - 13 months	HiB/ Men C Booster Measles. mumps, Rubella (MMR) Pneumococcal (PCV) 3rd Dose
2 - 6 year olds	Annual flu vaccine
3years and 4 months	Measles, mumps, Rubella (MMR) 2nd dose. 4 in 1 (DTaP/IPV)