Modal Verbs 2025

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• mavo, havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Modal Verbs

kunnen, moeten en mogen

Lesson goals

 You are able to use modals (hulpwerkwerkwoorden) in a sentence

Welke modals zijn er?

onder andere deze

1. can & could & be able to

2. should, have to, must

Modals: Can

1. Fish can breathe under water. (Om te zeggen wat mensen/ dieren/ dingen kunnen.)
2. Can I ask you a question? (Om om toestemming te vragen.)

Modals: Could

1. When I was young, I couldn't stay out later than 8 o'clock. (Om te zeggen wat mensen/ dieren/ dingen konden in het verleden. )
2. Could you watch scary movies as a child? (Om te praten over toestemming in het verleden.)
3. Could you carry this for me? (beleefder vorm om hulp te vragen.)

CAN

1.Om te zeggen wat mensen/ dieren/dingen kunnen. 

Fish can breathe under water.

2.Om om toestemming te vragen.

Can I ask you a question?

COULD

1. Om te zeggen wat mensen/ dieren/ dingen konden in het verleden. 

I couldn't stay out when I was young.

2. Om te praten over toestemming in het verleden.

Could you watch scary movies as a child?

3. Om over mogelijkheden in de toekomst te praten en beleefder vorm om hulp te vragen.

We could go to the movie on Sunday.

Could you give me a hand, please?

Should

1.Om advies te geven

You should take a sweater with you. It might get cold.

HAVE TO

1. Om te praten over verplichtingen.

I have to do the dishes.

DON'T HAVE TO

1. Om aan te geven dat er geen verplichting is.

You don't have to  worry about me. I will be fine. 

You _______ take an umbrella. It might rain.

1. can
2. could
3. should
4. have to

Horses __________ run for hours.

1. can
2. could
3. should
4. have to

Ask your boss: "________ I take a day off?"

1. can
2. could
3. should
4. have to

I _________ do more homework. I finished it in class.

1. cannot
2. can't
3. Shouldn't
4. don't have to

Wait a minute. I __________ go to the toilet.

1. can
2. could
3. should
4. have to

Must, have to, should 

1. Should (not) + hele werkwoord als jij vindt dat iets (niet) zou moeten. Je geeft advies of raadt iets af of geeft een suggestie. 

2. must (not) + hele werkwoord als jij vindt dat iets (niet) moet. Krachtiger dan should.

3. has to / have to + hele werkwoord om zekerheid, noodzaak of verplichting uit te drukken. Iets moet van iemand anders

4. don't have to / doesn't have to + hele werkwoord iets hoeft niet, het is geen verplichting.

To have to

Je gebruikt have to om te zeggen dat een actie gedaan moet worden, het is verplicht. 

You have to take your medication. 

Should

Je gebruikt should om advies te geven, iets af te raden of een suggestie te geven. Je zegt dat het goed is om iets te doen, maar het is niet verplicht
Of als  jij vindt dat iets (niet) zou moeten. 

It's late. You should go to bed. 

Must

Je gebruikt must wanneer de spreker zelf vindt dat een actie gedaan moet worden. De spreker verplicht zichzelf. Je gebruikt must ook om iemand sterk aan te raden iets te doen als het niet verplicht is. Krachtiger dan should. 

I must go to bed early tonight. 

She must go to the dentist. 

Might

Je vertaalt may met mogen en might met zou mogen .

Might I ask you a question?

to be allowed

Je gebruikt een vorm van to be + allowed+ hele werkwoord om te zeggen dat iets (niet) is toegestaan volgens de regels.

You're not allowed to use the phone in class.

You .......eat something, it's all very good.

1. should
2. have to

_______ I take a look at your notes?

1. can
2. could
3. should
4. have to

You ___ do your homework or you'll get a punishment.

1. must
2. have to
3. should

There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge, you.... buy any.

1. must not
2. should not
3. don't have to

I ....... forget to brush my teeth before going to the dentist.

1. must not
2. don't have to
3. should not

You .......... watch so much television.

1. mustn't
2. don't have to
3. shouldn't

Choose: Have to, must, should.

All divers ____ wear a suit when the water is cold.

1. shouldn't
2. should
3. has to
4. have to

I __ visit my friend. It's her birthday.

Sam __ wear a uniform at school.

You __ go to the supermarket. I'll do it.

You __ swim in this part of the river. It is very dangerous.

You __ drink a lot of water when it's warm.

Exercise

Rewrite the following sentences using the given words

You are not allowed to talk during the test. (must not)

It isn't necessary to bring food. (do not have to)

I am obliged to finish this letter before midday. (have to)

You are not allowed to leave the classroom without permission. (must not)

It is not necessary to pay for the tickets. (do not have to)

Short Yes & No answers

In het Engels is het niet beleefd om met alleen maar Yes en No te beantwoorden. Daarom gebruik je vaak een korte zin waarin je het eerste werkwoord uit de vraag herhaalt.

Would you like to go to the cinema? Yes, I would/No I wouldn't

Did they bring some games? Yes, they did/No they didn't.

Has Tom given you his phonenumber? Yes, he has/No he hasn't.

Am I next? Yes, you are/No you are not.

Do exercises...

12, 13, 14 from workbook A.

Make sure to finish in-class, if not... it's homework for the next lesson.

Done? Start studying words Theme 1 A-D and Stones 1 & 2

Must, should, have to

Children ____ go to school until they are 16.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must
4. should

Vul in: have to, must of should.
My car ...... be insured when I drive.

1. has to
2. must
3. should
4. geen van drie

It's a hospital. You ... smoke.

1. must not
2. don't have to
3. should not
4. aren't allowed to

Use to correct modal verb to fill in the gap.

I don't have any money. We                to go to the bank today.

______________ I use your phone ?

He is so ill that he ______________ see a doctor immediately

could

must

has to 

should

have to 

can

Read Justin’s blog about the Glastonbury Festival. Drag and drop the modal verbs into the correct gaps.

am able

having to

should

may have mentioned

wil be able

I could