Summary evolutionary thinking into species

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Evolution

 

Lesson: evolutionary thinking

Questions

What is the Hardy Weinberg formula for allele frequency?

And for genotypic frequency?

And for phenotypic frequency?

In a certain population, disruptive selection is occurring. In this population, which is most likely to survive?

1. organisms with average traits
2. organisms with extreme traits
3. organisms that sexually select
4. organisms that are small

Effect natural selection on phenotype distribution

Cheetahs nearly became extinct but recovery efforts managed to save them. Now, most cheetahs are genetically identical. This is due to:

1. gene flow
2. the bottleneck effect
3. selective migration
4. random mating

Members of different species do not normally produce offspring due to:

1. differing courtship rituals
2. varying breeding times
3. gamete incompatibility
4. all of these

Who is afraid of snakes (or spiders) and why?

Learning Objectives

- You can explain the species concept.

- You can explain the binomial naming system and taxonomic groups.

- You can read and create phylogenetic trees.

- You can use reasoning in contexts to explain biological phenomena at different organizational levels with the aid of theory of evolutionary mechanisms.

What is a species?

Give a definition!

Memphis Depay

Species

A group of organisms with similar features which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring, and which are reproductively isolated from other species

Binomial naming system

- Scientific name is the same across the world to avoid confusion

- Each name consists out of
two parts: genus and species 

- Only if both parts are the
same are they the same species

Mnemonic taxonomic categories

-"King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti” 

(Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species)

Phylogenetic tree

Tips for reading trees

• Same, but different style
  
  
  
  
• Same, but turned at 
  branching point 

Building a tree

Lamprey is the outgroup: most distantly related, starting point





Trait shared by the largest group
Parsimony: simplest solution is most likely

Building a tree

Properly describing natural selection

1. There is genetic variation in the population caused by mutations
2. Some individuals have a higher chance of survival due to an advantage/adaptation(describe the advantage)
3. The better adapted individuals will reproduce more (higher fitness) 
4. The genes of the better adapted individuals will therefore become more common in the population

Learning Objectives

- You can explain the species concept.

- You can explain the binomial naming system and taxonomic groups.

- You can read and create phylogenetic trees.

- You can use reasoning in contexts to explain biological phenomena at different organizational levels with the aid of theory of evolutionary mechanisms.

Work to be done

Assessment Questions Glencoe pg 507: Q 1-8, 10-18, 21-22

Biozone 150, 252 and 254 (IB 2014+) and worksheet on classification