National Socialism

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National socialism

National socialism

Ein Volk

* One 'race' -> Aryans. Aryans were called "Ubermensch"

* Blond hair and blue eyes (=stereotype)

* Not  weakened by mixing with 'lower races' or "Untermensch"

* Racism and anti-semitism -> hatred of jews

Ein Reich

* One empire for all German Aryans ==> "Heim ins Reich"

* "Lebensraum" or 'Living space' for the Germans in the East

* Offensive war

* Glorified military life -> Militarism

Ein Wille

* Totalitarian state

= Think and do what the government wants

* Gestapo (secret police) and SA (fighting squads)

* Indoctrination -> Brainwashing 

Indoctrination -> totalitarian state

* Censorship

* Schoolbooks

* Propaganda via radio

- Young boys were prepared to become soldiers via the Hitlerjugend

- Young girls were prepared to become housewives via the  Bund Deutscher Mädel

Ein Führer

* One leader

* One unity

* Absolute power

This would put an end to the parliamentary republic and democracy

Make the assignments of paragraph 3.1

Assignment 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and13

Today's lesson

Repeating the main ideas from last lesson

Background information

Who was Hitler? 

How did Hitler rise to power? 

How did people initially feel about Hitler?

Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Wille, Ein Führer

Put the following events in the right chronological order: 

A. The hyperinflation reaches its peak

B. Benito Mussolini becomes president of Italy

C. The Treaty of Versailles is signed

D. The Beurskrach / Wall Street Crash

E. Hitler writes Mein Kampf while in prison

F. Franz Ferdinand is shot by a Serbian nationalist

G. The Dawes Plan helps the recovery of the German economy

H. The German emperor Wilhelm II abdicates

Background information

* Most Germans were very angry about the Treaty of Versailles

* The reparation payments led to an economic crisis

* Little confidence in the democracy -> the liberal and social parties were not able to deal with the problems

*The Stab-in-the-back Myth gained more popularity

Adolf Hitler

* Born in 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria

* Grew up with a very abusive father

* When his father died, he moved to 

Vienna to become a painter 

* He received an Iron Cross for bravery

during the First World War

* Worked as an artist and cartoonist 

for a German newspaper after the war. 

NSDAP 

* Hitler joined the National socialist German Workers Party soon after WW1

* In 1932 it became the largest party

* In 1933 Hitler became prime minister

The Reichstag fire - 27 February 1933

* Hitler blamed the communists for setting fire to the German parliament

* In March 1933 he persuaded parliament to accept the Enabling Act. 

- Rule without a parliament

- Hitler had absolute power

* Hitler Threatened and imprisoned members of parliament

*All other political parties were forbidden

Opposition to Nazi rule

* People who openly opposed Hitler were

put in concentration camps. 

* Political opponents, communists and 

journalists

* Violence (gestapo and SA)

Pleased with Hitler?

* Improved the economy

- stopping war reparations payments

* Expanding the army

- Unimployment fell fast due to war industry