TTO1 Week 24

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Paragraph 4.6

The Kingdom of Animals

The Kingdom of Animals

• Today, we will be discussing the Kingdom of Animals
• This is a long paragraph, so we will divide it and take 3 lessons to finish it
• Take notes, so make sure your notebook is out!

Lesson Goals

• You can explain what the characteristics are of species that belong to the kingdom of animals
• You can explain the differences between vertebrates and invertebrates
• You can name the characteristics and some examples of sponges, cnidarians, worms, molluscs and echinoderms

Do you remember what the five kingdoms were?

Kingdom of the Animals..?

What would you say when someone asks you what an animal is?

Animal: Cambridge English Dictionary

What's not correct about this definition?

Animal: Cambridge English Dictionary

And this one?

Animal: Cambridge English Dictionary

And these?

Animal

In biology and in language, we might describe animals differently. In biology, we prefer the definition as described in the image:

Animal definition Biology

Animals are multicellular     organisms that:

• Always have cell membranes and a nucleus, but no cell wall
• Always have to find and take in food (plants don't, remember?)
• Always reproduce sexually, which means that there are always 2 parents

Multicellular = more than one cell

Two big groups

• Within animals, we have two big groups, vertebrates and invertebrates

Invertebrates

• Don't have a backbone
• No endoskeleton

• Some invertebrates have a skeleton (exoskeleton) and legs, others don't

Vertebrates

• Have a backbone
• Endoskeleton

• The backbone makes them strong, which means that they can grow bigger than invertebrates

Today we will be discussing the invertebrates without a tough skeleton! (to which both SpongeBob and Patrick belong)

Five groups today:

• Sponges
• Cnidarians
• Worms
• Molluscs
• Echinoderms

Sponges

• Simple cell layers (bilayered animals
• Live in the sea
• Feed by filtering water (see next slide)

Cnidarians

• More complex than sponges
• Hollow, sac-like bodies (hydroskeleton)
• Known for their cnidocytes, special cells that help them hurt enemies and catch prey (has anyone ever been stung by jellyfish?)

Worms

• Flatworms, roundworms and segmented worms: three different types
• Live in the sea and on the land (or even inside other animals)
• In the image: a flatworm in the sea

Molluscs

• Use an exoskeleton in the form of a shell
• Snails, clams, oysters, octopuses and squids all belong to this group
• Very big group!

• Octopuses have their shell inside their body, but it's still an exoskeleton!

Echinoderms

• Examples: sea urchins and starfish 
• Hard, spiny covering
• 5 identical parts
• Tube-like feet

• There is even one species of echinoderms that are called sea cucumbers! (see image)

Sea urchin = zee-egel

Starfish = zeester

That were all groups!

• Sponges
• Cnidarians
• Worms
• Molluscs
• Echinoderms

Now to the most important question..

To which two groups do SpongeBob and Patrick belong? And Octo?

Now you can never say that you don't learn anything important in biology ;)

And now what?

Go to part 2 of the planner and make sure all your notes are complete:

• General explanation of each taxonomic group
• Example species for each taxonomic group (including food habits, habitat, reproduction and a fun fact)

Part 3: take 5 pictures of animals in the groups we discussed today (see the planner on SomToday for more information)

Questions?

• Ask your classmates
• Send me a message via somtoday
• Ask during the lesson that you're at school
• Or ask it in the next slide!

Good luck! See you next time (maybe)

Ask any question about the paragraph here. Other questions: message on SomToday!