Climate Change: Long-term alterations in temperature and weather patterns, mainly due to human activities since the Industrial Revolution. Greenhouse Gases: Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming; primarily CO2, CH4, and N2O. Carbon Cycle: The natural exchange of carbon among the atmosphere, land, and oceans, crucial for balancing Earth's climate. Carbon Dioxide (CO2): A greenhouse gas emitted from burning fossil fuels and deforestation, contributing to climate change. Methane (CH4): A potent greenhouse gas released from agriculture and fossil fuel extraction, with a shorter atmospheric lifespan than CO2. Nitrous Oxide (N2O): A long-lived greenhouse gas released from industrial processes and agriculture. Global Warming: The increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases. Ocean Acidification: The decrease in ocean pH levels caused by the absorption of excess atmospheric CO2. Natural Carbon Sinks: Ecosystems that absorb more carbon than they release, such as forests and oceans.