Signal words of contrast: 4 myths about English people

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Linking Words

Why do we need linking words?

Which Reason and Effect
Linking words do you remember?

Linking words of Contrast

Listen and answer the questions at the end. 

Remember and name four signal words of contrasting. 

What's the BBC reporter's name?

1. Greg
2. Daan
3. Dan
4. Kerim

What is the percentage of rain to overcast weather in England?

1. 50% / 50%
2. 95% / 5%
3. 5% / 95%
4. 80% / 20%

Which contrasting signal word does he use for English food?

1. whilst
2. though
3. while
4. even though

Which four 'English myths' does he discuss in this video?

1. Weather, photocopiers, clothing, and food.
2. The weather, queuing, behavior, and food.
3. The weather, photocopiers, behavior, and food.
4. Umbrellas, photocopiers, clothing, and bread.

Name four contrasting signal words in English.

Linking words of Contrast

We use them to join ideas together. Sometimes we want to link two ideas that are different from each other (opposite).

We can use linking words like 'however', 'although' and 'despite' to do this.

But

is used to show the contrast between two words, phrases, or clauses

Ex: I like ice cream but not vanilla.

I like John but I don't like his brother.

Although, though, even though

Put it at the beginning/middle of a sentence. It is used in front of a clause (incomplete sentance but with subject and verb). 

Ex 1: Although the weather is bad, I love London.

Ex 2: I love London, although the weather is bad.

While and whereas

it can also be used to mean 'despite the fact that' or 'although'. 

Ex: While I made mistakes in my exam, I still passed.

While/Whereas Ivan is very sociable, his brother is more reserved.

Despite / in spite of

We use 'despite' or 'in spite of' before a noun or a gerund (verb with ing). 

It can also go at the beginning/middle of a sentence.

They can be used with: the fact that....

I love London despite the bad weather.

I love London in spite of the bad weather.

Despite the bad weather, I love London.

In spite of the bad weather, I love London.

However

It connects two ideas in two separate sentences.

We put 'however' in the middle, at the end.

I love London. However, the weather is bad.

I love London. The weather, however, is bad.

I love London. The weather is bad, however.

Sarah loves her husband, ... he is always friendly and funny.

1. although (contrast)
2. as a result (effect)
3. because (reason)
4. and (addition)

They are strong, ... we are smart

1. so
2. because
3. if
4. but

Her salary is higher than mine ... we do the same work.

1. although
2. despite
3. in spite of

I love summer. ... I hate getting on the underground in the heat.

1. although
2. in spite of
3. however (tegenstelling)

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