Understory Layer:This layer lies below or underneath the emergent and canopy layer. Here it is very humid, and much damper than the other two layers due to the shade of the canopy, so only around 5% of sunlight can break through.
The understory layer consists of herbs, shrubs, herbaceous plants, ferns climbing plants and young trees, which can adapt well to find pockets of sunlight, fueling their growth towards the higher layers. The leaves of the plants here are large, to help them in the fight for sunlight, and the trunks of the plants are covered in mosses, lichen and fungi, which are attracted to the shade and humidity.