V3 - en - Modals, quantifiers, prepositions

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

GRAMMAR

Modals, quantifiers, prepositions

Goals

- I can use modals in the positive and negative form correctly. 

- I can use the quantifiers correctly.

- I can use prepositions of instrument, connection, origin and direction correctly.

Let's see what you remember 

He's amazing, he ___ (modal verb) speak five languages, including Chinese.

There are too ___ (quantifier) students in the library.

He goes to school ___ (preposition) bus

Have you visited __ (quantifier) foreign countries?

This car runs ___ (preposition) diesel

MODALS & NEGATIONS

Modals

Modal verbs  change the meaning  of the main verb. 

• You can walk to the city centre!
• You must eat to get strong.
  
  

Ought to/Should

To talk about things that are ideal or desired

Ought to -> formal                    |              Should -> informal 

There ought to/should be more street lights here

There ought to be a speed limit here, shouldn’t there?

May/Might

Used when unsure about something and to ask for permission.

formal: might - may - can - could - informal        

The restaurant may close.

The restaurant could close.

The restaurant might close.

It is likely that the restaurant will close.

It is less likely that the restaurant will close.

There is only a possibility that the restaurant will close but no one is very sure.

May/Might

Used when unsure about something and to ask for/give permission.    

to ask for permission in a formal way:

May I borrow the car tomorrow?

to give permission in a formal way:

You may go now.

as a very polite way of asking for permission:

Might we ask you a question?

Negation

Turn the modal verbs into negations by adding -n't OR not

should - shouldn't

may - may not*

ought to - ought not to

might - might not

He _____ have arrived yesterday.

1. may
2. might

You ______ not shout in class!

1. may
2. might

You _______ take your passport with you in case you need it.

1. may
2. might
3. should
4. ought to

Quantifiers

• Waar gebruiken we quantifiers voor?
• Om de kwantiteit van iets aan te geven.

• Waar plaatsen we de quantifier?
• Voor de noun (zelfstandig naamwoord) waar we de kwantiteit van aan willen geven.

We have little time, better get to work.

There are few ducks left.

He has a lot of nerve to come here.

We have a lot of homework  for next week

However, there are many swans in the pond.

His brother doesn't do much. 

I haven't found any water.

Have you found any batteries?

They have lots of energy.

They bought lots of firework.

I have brought some apples.

There was some traffic on the way here.

Quantifiers

Each/every: all individuals of a group - followed by a singular noun.

Both: two things or people - followed by a plural noun.

Neither (none)/either (any of the two): talk about things or people - followed by a singular noun.

All (whole group)/no (not one): talk about things or people followed by a singular noun.

Prepositions

A preposition is a word used to link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words within a sentence. 

They act to connect the people, objects, time and locations of a sentence.

Prepositions of instrument

• Transportation:

I got here by bus

• Use of tools:

He screwed in the screw with a screwdriver.

• Machines and other devices:

I am playing Hay Day on my iPad.

Prepositions of connections

• Possesions:

The end of the street

• Relations:

Friends with somebody

• Physically connected to something:

The Switch is connected to the TV

Prepositions of origin

State where something or someone is/comes from.

She is from England.
She came from a different country.
I learned a lot from this.

Prepositions of material

• Made of:

to talk about the material of something;

"My shoes are made of canvas."

• Made from:

when the material is changed into a different state;

"Margarine is made from vegetable oil."

Prepositions of direction/movement

how or where someone/something is moving;
across, onto, along, out of, past, through, down, to, into, towards

- The band is passing through LA.

- Alice fell down the hole.

- The girls came out of nowhere

She went ____ bus.

1. with
2. by
3. on the
4. into

The point ____ the pencil.

1. of
2. made of
3. from
4. with

Cotton is ________ fiber.

1. from
2. with
3. made of
4. made from

This cheese is ______ France.

1. from
2. with
3. made of
4. made from

My sheets are _______ silk.

1. from
2. with
3. made of
4. made from

Homework for next lesson 

- Par E - Writing & Grammar: Ex. 28, 29, 30c (work alone) (p. 24-26).

- Par I - Writing & Grammar: Ex. 51, 52, 53 and 55 (p. 40-43).

- Check your answers.

- Look in the category "resources and tips" for the vocabulary that you should know for your proficiency test and pick 20 words that you find difficult and look up their meaning.

- Check the grammar list in the category "resources and tips" and do 3 grammar exercises you find difficult.