Cambridge: Essay, Article, Report, Review

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 4,5

10 minutes silent reading

Writing for Cambridge

Essay, letter, article, report, review.

 Article

- Purpose: Entertain & engage readers

- Tone: Informal/semi-formal

- Structure: Title → Introduction (hook) → Main body → Conclusion

 Letter

- Purpose: Communicate a message (formal/informal)

- Tone: Formal (polite, structured) / Informal (friendly, conversational)

- Structure: Greeting → Opening → Main body → Closing → Sign-off

 Report

- Purpose: Present factual information

- Tone: Formal, objective

- Structure: Title → Introduction → Sections with headings → Conclusion/Recommendations

 Review

- Purpose: Evaluate & recommend

- Tone: Semi-formal, engaging

- Structure: Title → Introduction → Main body (opinions) → Conclusion

Essay

Purpose: Argue or discuss a topic

Tone: Formal, logical

Structure: Introduction → Main body (2–3 points) → Conclusion

What is the most important tip

What will I grade you on?
What is good to use in your writing?

It describes something you have experienced and gives your opinion.

1. essay
2. article
3. report
4. review

It organises information and can then be used to express a recommendation or suggestion.

1. essay
2. article
3. report
4. review

It shares your experiences
in a neutral way.

1. essay
2. article
3. report
4. review

In it, you make a recommendation to the reader.

1. essay
2. article
3. report
4. review

is a factual description of events or a situation, as objectively as possible.

1. essay
2. article
3. report
4. review

1. Essay
2. Article
3. Report
4. Review

What could
you change
about this
REPORT
paragraph?

What could
you change
about this
REPORT
paragraph?

Rewrite:

 Article

- Purpose: Entertain & engage readers

- Tone: Informal/semi-formal

- Structure: Title → Introduction (hook) → Main body → Conclusion

 Letter

- Purpose: Communicate a message (formal/informal)

- Tone: Formal (polite, structured) / Informal (friendly, conversational)

- Structure: Greeting → Opening → Main body → Closing → Sign-off

 Report

- Purpose: Present factual information

- Tone: Formal, objective

- Structure: Title → Introduction → Sections with headings → Conclusion/Recommendations

 Review

- Purpose: Evaluate & recommend

- Tone: Semi-formal, engaging

- Structure: Title → Introduction → Main body (opinions) → Conclusion

Write a short report about what it was
like to eat this apple. You get 5 minutes.
Describe 3 aspects of the experience.

Now write a review about what it was
like to eat this apple. Add your opinion and
your recommendation. You get 5 minutes.

What is the difference between a review and a report?

 Article

- Purpose: Entertain & engage readers

- Tone: Informal/semi-formal

- Structure: Title → Introduction (hook) → Main body → Conclusion

 Letter

- Purpose: Communicate a message (formal/informal)

- Tone: Formal (polite, structured) / Informal (friendly, conversational)

- Structure: Greeting → Opening → Main body → Closing → Sign-off

 Report

- Purpose: Present factual information

- Tone: Formal, objective

- Structure: Title → Introduction → Sections with headings → Conclusion/Recommendations

 Review

- Purpose: Evaluate & recommend

- Tone: Semi-formal, engaging

- Structure: Title → Introduction → Main body (opinions) → Conclusion

Why learn about this?

• For the C1 writing exam you get two assignments.
• Essay = mandatory.
• One assignment of choice: Report, review or article.
• You need to know the difference in order to write it in a correct way.

Practise

• https://app.engxam.com/cae/
• Practise the writing tests: essay + report.