V5 - Grammar 3.1 and 3.2

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Relative & Demonstrative Pronouns

Genitive

Demonstrative pronouns

This/These            dichtbij

That/Those            veraf

Relative pronouns

Heeft betrekking op een voorafgaand zelfstandig naamwoord of een voorafgaand zinsdeel

1. Who is about people

• This is the girl who helped me

2. Whose is about people or things and indicates possession

• The man whose car had been stolen

• The house whose windows were all broken

Relative pronouns

3. Which is about animals, things, or parts of a sentence

• This is a picture of our dog, which is now eight years old

• I gave him a letter, which he quickly put in his pocket

• The match had been cancelled, which I didn’t understand

Relative pronouns

4. That kan soms in plaats van who of which gebruikt worden (niet verplicht). Het kan alleen gebruikt worden als er geen komma voor staat, dus als de informatie nodig is om de zin te begrijpen

• I don’t like people that can’t listen

• The statement that he made surprised everybody

Kan niet als er wel een komma is/de informatie niet essentieel is

• The Johnsons, who live opposite us, can’t listen at all

• The statement, which he made yesterday, surprised everybody.

Let's practice!

For the next couple of sentences, select whether you can replace the gap with the word 'that'.

Mandy is the girl ____ I met on Friday.

1. Gap can be replaced with 'that'
2. Gap CANNOT be replaced with 'that'

Bill Clinton, _____ was president of the USA, only has one daughter.

1. Gap can be replaced with 'that'.
2. Gap CANNOT be replaced with 'that'.

The hotel, _____ that is in the center of the town, is to be knocked down and replaced by a bank.

1. Gap can be replaced with 'that'.
2. Gap CANNOT be replaced with 'that'.

The book _____ you gave me is great.

1. Gap can be replaced with 'that'.
2. Gap CANNOT be replaced with 'that'.

Watch out!

'waar’ is only translated with ‘where’ if you're actually talking about a place

• He told me where he was born

But not:

• Dat was het moment waar ik op had gewacht/that was the moment (which/that) I had been waiting for

Relative pronouns

5. Who/which/that laat je meestal weg als een ander woord het onderwerp is van de bijzin

• Is your uncle Terence the man I thought was so handsome?

• You have sent me a picture you had sent me before

Relative pronouns

Voorzetsel + whom voor woorden zoals waamee/met wie, waarover/over wie, waarop/op wie etc. Voorzetsel achteraan de bijzin kan gebruikt worden of er wordt geen betrekkelijk voornaamwoord gebruikt.

• Can you tell me something about the people (that) I have to work with?/Can you tell me something about the people with whom I have to work?

• Lynn is the girl (that) I have told you about/Lynn is the girl about whom I have told you

Whom maakt de zin formeler

Let's practice!

Write down the words that are missing. You will need to use a preposition and you may need to use other words to complete the sentence.

My girlfriend, _______ I waited at the airport, arrived late.

The Browns, ______ she has quarreled, are rather envious people.

The house ______ Copernicus was born is now a museum.

The tree ______ they had their picnic was the largest in the garden.

The woman _____ I was smiling was very cheerful.

Genitive

Als de s bezit aangeeft maak je hem als volgt:
Bij personen: ‘s                                the boy’s bike
Bij personen (meervoud): ‘         the boys’ bikes
Bij zaken: of                                       the brakes of the bike

Other uses of 's

‘s bij namen: als het eindigt op s voeg je vaak ‘s toe, bij namen uit de klassieke oudheid ‘

• James’s girlfriend

• Socrates’ ideas

‘s/s’ bij tijd en afstand

• An hour’s walk from here

• A three hours’ drive

Other uses of 's

‘s bij plaats (je noemt niet de naam van het gebouw)

• Then I went to my friend’s

• I saw him at the baker’s

Other uses of 'of'

Bij hoeveelheden

• A cup of coffee

• A pound of apples

Bij aardrijkskundige namen

• The province of Groningen

• The city of Maastricht

Let's practice!

For the next few exercises, select which form of the genitive should be used.

This is (Peter) book.

1. Peter's
2. Peters'

Is that (James) pencil?

1. James'
2. James's

These are the (boy) bikes. The two of them always leave such a mess!

1. Boy's
2. Boys'

My mum and dad sleep here. This is my (parent) room.

1. Parent's
2. Parents'

Her father is called John and her (mother) name is Jennifer.

1. Mother's
2. Mothers'

This is all (teacher) biggest nightmare!

1. Teacher's
2. Teachers'

Please do ...

Unit 3.1 ex. 7 + grammar trainer

Unit 3.2 ex. 17 + grammar trainer