CH4 sec. 4.2 Industrial society

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• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Memo havo 2 TTO

CH4 The age of citizens and steam engines

The Industrial Revolution

sec. 4.2 Industrial society

Recap 4.1 Industrial Revolution

Draw a table in your book (two columns). 

Name one column 'causes' and one column 'consequences'.

Write down the following items in the correct column:

- cheap raw materials

- industrial society

- infrastructure improved

- large supplies of coal and iron ore

- more and more machines invented

- number of workers increased

- pollution

- population growth

- urbanization

Recap 4.1 Industrial Revolution

Causes

- cheap raw materials

- large supplies of coal and iron ore

- more and more machines invented

- number of workers increased

- population growth

Consequences

- industrial society

- infrastructure improved

- pollution

- urbanization

Program

• Recap 4.1
• Learning objectives
• Explanation 4.1-4.2 (incl. assignment living conditions)
• Correct hw/ week task
• Evaluation 

Learning objectives

1) I can explain what working and living conditions were like for the workers.

2) I can explain what a class society is and how it differs from a society of estates.

3) I can name five important inventions that appeared in the nineteenth century.

Working conditions

• Low wages.

• Workers (men, women and children!) had to work long hours and six days a week.

• Foul air and noisy machines.

• Dangerous work and many accidents.

• Protesting could lead to unemployment. 

Take notes

1750

Living near the factory

First industrial area arose in northwest England. 

Were built next to fast-flowing rivers, ports or coal and iron ore fields

Urbanization

Towns and cities grew quickly, and fewer people live in the countryside.

Living conditions

Step 1 Read the last paragraph of 'working and living conditions' on p26. 

Step 2 Make a list of of the living conditions of workers in the industrial towns. 

Where possible, try to keep it short.

Step 3 Done? Compare your answers to that of your neighbour.

Living conditions

• Tiny dark homes of poor quality.
• Air pollution near factories.
• Filthy streets, open channels.
• No clean drinking water and poor hygiene.
• Infectious diseases.
• Workers did not grow old.
• High death rate babies and young children.

Take notes

Capitalism

Economic change:

• Before 1800 merchant capitalism.
• After 1800 industrial capitalism.

Capitalism: Economic system in which businessmen make profits mainly from producing goods and are not restricted by laws and rules.

Take notes

The class society

Society of estates became class society.

Three social classes:

• Entrepeneurial class a.k.a. bourgeoisie (rich business owners)

• Middle class (educated people)
  
• Working class (largest class)

Take notes

Practice

Two routes: 

1) Basic route 4 MC questions

2) Week task

1) What doesn't match the working conditions of the workers?

1. Low wages
2. Long working days
3. Filthy streets, no sewers and no clean drinking water.
4. Protesting or demonstrating made little difference. You'd get fired.

2) What doesn't match the living conditions of the workers?

1. Workers did not grow old.
2. Infectious diseases.
3. Air pollution because the houses were near the factories.
4. Work in the factory was dangerous and unhealthy.

3 - What matches 19th century capitalism?
1) No taxes for businesses
2) No minimum wage
3) Investing profit in safety measures
4) Ban on child labour

1. 1 and 2
2. 1 and 3
3. 2 and 3
4. 3 and 4

4) Which groups did the industrial society consist of?

1. Entrepeneurial class, farming class, working class
2. Entrepeneurial class, middle class, working class
3. Entrepeneurial class, middle class, slave class
4. Middle class, farming class, slave class

Get to work

What? Correct hw/ week task

How? Alone 

Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 

Time? Until the end of the lesson. 

Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher. 

Working conditions

1) Why did business owners keep wages low and why didn't factory owners take safety precautions?

2) Why did women and children work in the factories?

3) Why was the work in the factories unsafe and unhealthy?

Learning objectives

1) I can explain what working and living conditions were like for the workers.

2) I can explain what a class society is and how it differs from a society of estates.

3) I can name five important inventions that appeared in the nineteenth century.

New inventions

Because of industrialization society changed very fast. There

were many new inventions that improved people's lives.

• Internal combustion engine (diesel and petrol) replaced 

the steam engine and led to the invention of the car.

• New ways of making steel. Steel is much stronger than ordinary iron.
• Lighting was improved with the introduction of the gaslight and later the electric light..
• Electricity was used for domestic appliances, gas for heating. 
• Communication: telegraph and later the telephone.
  
• Medicine: hygiene, vaccination and how to anaesthetize people during operations.
• Chemists invented fertilizers.

Inventions led to the idea of progress (vooruitgang): life would get better and better.