5.2 The Erab Empire Expands

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

5.2 The Arab Empire expands

You can see that in about 130 years Islam spread from Medina in Saudi Arabia to the southern part of France

This is the place where Mohammed spread the message of Islam in the early 7th century

Lesson goals for today

At the end of this lesson you...

• understand how Islam started and how it spread so fast.
• understand how the Islam influenced medieval Europe.

[5.2] Which man spread the Message of Islam?

[5.2] What is the Quran (Koran)?

Bedouin camp

Caravan of camels

600 AD

Arabia consisted of dozens of nomad (traveling tribes) that all tried to get as much power as they could

00:29

Which statement is correct?


Statement 1: Muhammad was born in Mecca in 670 AD.
Statement 2: The Ka'aba is a place of worship.

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

01:11

Which statement is correct?


Statement 1: The Ka'aba was place for monotheism.
Statement 2: Muhammad's belief was monotheism

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

02:03

Which statement is correct?


Statement 1: Muhammad started work as a shepherd
Statement 2: Muhammad was married

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

02:53

Which statement is correct?

Statement 1: in the cave Muhammad received a message from God
Statement 2: Muhammad was a prophet

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

03:55

Which statement is correct?

Statement 1: the people of Mecca liked Muhammad's message
Statement 2: the message was written down in the Bible

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

05:18

Which statement is correct?

Statement 1: Muhammad's flight is called the Quran.
Statement 2: Hijrah means "migration".

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

05:59

In which year did the Hijrah take place?

1. 570
2. 602
3. 622
4. 637

06:53

Which statement is correct?

Statement 1: Muhammad's enemies were stronger in number.
Statement 2: After the battles less people became Muslim.

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

07:56

Which statement is correct?

Statement 1: Muhammad placed new idols in the Ka'aba.
Statement 2: The people of Mecca were spared by the Muslims

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

Muhammad’s main message to the people of Mecca was
that there was only one God.
2a. Why did many people in Mecca reject this idea?

2b) What effect did this have on Muhammad and his followers?

3. Although the Christian calendar starts with the birth of Jesus,
the Islamic calendar does not start with the birth of Muhammad.
Explain this difference by identifying the
different roles of Muhammad and Jesus.

4. After conquering the Quraysh in Mecca,
Muhammad had all the statues of gods removed from the Ka’aba.
What did he want to prove by this?

5. A lot of Muslims argue that it is forbidden to make statues
or images showing Muhammad.
Can you argue why Muhammad did not want people
to make statues and images of him?

6. Put the events in chronical order.

1

2

3

4

5

 Muhammad receives revelations from God

 Muhammad removes all statues from the Ka’aba

 Muhammad flees from Mecca to Medina.

 The Arabs believe in several gods at the same time.

 Muhammad starts preaching that there is only one God.

        7. Drag the pictures to the right discription.

Dome of the Rock

Ka'aba

Quran

8. Complete the graphic overview.

Jesus

God

church

Allah

Muhammad

Quran

Bible, New Testament

9. Jews and Christians were not forced to convert to Islam.
Why did many of them
eventually convert to Islam as well?

congratulations

Muhammad

• Born in Mecca  in 570 AD
•  Claimed he received revalations from God.
• These messages were written in the Quran.
• Messager of god= prophet

The Quran was written in Arabic and consisted of 115 chapters

05:18

Which statement is correct?

Statement 1: Rich people from Mecca wanted to kill Muhammad
Statement 2: Muhammad and his followers fled to Medina

1. both are correct
2. both are wrong
3. only 1 is correct
4. only 2 is correct

In Mecca the Prophet Muhammed spread the message of Islam but first not a lot of people listened to him. He moved to Medina where he spread Islam more effectively

Hijrah

• 622 AD: M and his followers flee to Medine= Hijrah
• Start of Islamic calender + creation of the Muslim community: the Ummah
• 630 AD start holy war for God= Jihad

Caliph

• After Muhammed a new ruler was chosen: caliph.
• =Religious and political leader

Abu Bakr: First Caliph.

Some people thought Ali the cousin of Muhammed should have been elected: Still a discussion till this day in Islam.