Music Year 4 CAA

• Culturele en kunstzinnige vorming
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Why do you listen to
MUSIC?

Simply put, listening to music helps us feel good. If we are sad or depressed, we can turn on music and the release of dopamine in our brains is going to make us feel better. Music, in effect, is a drug that provides us with feelings of joy and pleasure. ... Music isn't biologically compulsory to our day-to-day survival.

Name as many MUSIC GENRES as you can think of

Genres

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CLASSICAL MUSIC

* Since the Middle Ages 

* Invention notation

* 1600 -1750 Baroque music: Bach, Vivaldi, Monteverdi

* End 18th century Viennese classics → Mozart, Beethoven,       Handel

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For the students at home: 5 mins to mail your favorite song to ms. van Hulst.

For students in class come to my laptop.

JAZZ

 * ± 1900 New Orleans, America

* Mix of cultures

* Comes from the enslaved West Africans

* Brass players, piano, double bass and drums

 Golden Jazz Age

Around 1920 is the center of Jazz in Chicago.

-Louis Armstrong is the greatest jazz musician of that time.

 His way of soloing is innovative, he has an unprecedented sense of timing and phrasing and introduces scat vocals.

-In the 1930s there are big bands: consisting of three wind sections (trumpet section, trombone section and saxophone section + rhythm section and often vocals). Music is composed and bands are tightly led by band leader. The music style of the big bands is called SWING.

-Jazz music is also used in musicals (George Gershwin)

Modern Jazz

-After WWII, the new generation of jazz musicians believes that jazz should be wild, spontaneous and innovative. Big bands are too sweet and syrupy.

-A new jazz style = BEBOP. Characteristics are a small line-up (rhythm section, trumpet & sax) and fast tempo and fast chord changes.

-An important difference between BEPOP and SWING is in the accompaniment: a walking bass contributes to a hectic character and the pianist plays complex chords with all kinds of additions. They are played dosed. It is not easy music, but an art form.

'50s

-There will be alternatives to BEPOP: including the slower, nicely groomed, relaxed COOLJAZZ. The inventor of the COOLJAZZ is Miles Davis

-HARDBOP: more accessible form of Jazz in which you hear Rhythm & Blues and gospel music.

-FREEJAZZ: experimental jazz style, even more radical from BEPOP. With the most extreme FREEJAZZ it seems as if everyone is playing together in an atonal knit (think of the avant-garde in classical music).

Country, (bluegrass)folk 

Origin: the beginning of America: Irish and Scots who settled in the mountains of the American southern states. 

Cowboy figure connect cultures. Music stems from folk music. First music played on the radio. Symbol of white American culture.

Country, (bluegrass)folk 

Characteristics:

- Lyrics about the daily misery of the musician stories

- Acoustic instruments guitar, banjo, fiddle and accordion 

- Nashville and Memphis

- Sing in 'twang'

Gospel

- African American music from the church

- Polyphonic vocals

- Exciting

- Negrospirituals (old spiritual plantation songs)

- Stirring, house-wrecking

- Gospel quartet 1 soloist

- Ends in soul-funk and rock 'n roll

- Call and response

- TIP NETFLIX: VOICES OF FIRE

Negrospirituals 

Ancient spiritual songs that were sung on plantations

HIP HOP / R&B       

* Afro American musical styles

* SOUL, R&B (Rhythm&Blues), Hiphop, Rap

* American street culture 1965 soul → r&b Hiphop 1976 New       York, The Bronx

* Rap (Rhythm And Poetry?) lives in the ghetto

(URBAN)

Rhytm and blues 

- A lot of influence on the Rock 'n roll 

- Invention of electric guitar (1937), rougher sound

- Band also had to louder so drums, bass guitar and sax

- Strong emphasis on the rhythm

- Sensual lyrics full of 'slang'

- White community was prude

- Exciting

- Afterbeat

ROCK AND ROLL

* 1950 → South of the US

* Voice, guitar, bass guitar and drums

* First Rock en Roll, by black musicians: Chuck Berry 

* Black and white separated until Elvis Presley

* 60s → The Beatles & The Stones

ELECTRONIC DANCE MUSIC (EDM)

* House, techno, trance

* The 80s, House in Chicago. DJ Frankie Knuckels 

* Heavy bass drum in severe four-quarter measure

* Made by producers en DJ’s

Music timeline and photo album

* Incorporate all the important musical phases of your life in a timeline on your website/document. Which artists / bands / genres have you listened to during your life and why?

* Think of vacations, special highlights, difficult moments in your life and the music that you listened to during those moments and possibly inspired or empowered you.

FEATURES

(time 1) Rhythm

(time 2) Tempo

(sound 1) Tone

(sound 2) Dynamic

(sound 3) Tone color, timbre

Form

Blues 2: luister de muziek en lees de tekst

De blues is een goed voorbeeld van cultuur die ontstaat vanuit noodzaak. De klaagliederen waren namelijk een uitlaatklep voor de slaven die het zwaar hadden. 

Blues in de meest pure vorm vinden we in de slavenliederen, daarna vinden we blues in allerlei muziekgenres terug. De blues mengde zich met de Amerikaanse muziek (fusion) en van daaruit zijn allerlei genres ontstaan waaronder Rock n Roll.  

Weetje: De aanduiding 'blue' voor rouw is afkomstig uit de zeilscheepvaart. Als een schip tijdens de reis zijn kapitein of een andere officier verloor, voerde het voor de rest van de reis een blauwe vlag en werd een blauwe band rond het hele schip geschilderd alvorens de thuishaven binnen te lopen. 

Genres muziektheater

• opera: klassieke muziek en toneel / ieder personage = zanger / westerse cultuur / na WOII elitair 
  
• operette: onderwerpen minder serieus / ook gesproken dialogen / veel emoties
  
• musical: liedjes, dialogen en dans / humor, pathos, liefde en woede
  

Genres = filmsoorten

Genres hebben gemeenschappelijke kenmerken qua thema of stijl. Je herkent het genre van een film vaak meteen. Net als bij muziek: daar hoor je ook snel of iets klassiek of pop is, urban, country of metal. Als een genre wordt aangekondigd, weet je vaak al wat je kunt verwachten. 

BEATBOXING       

* Mimicking Drummachine using one mouth, lips, tongue and voice

* Eefing

* Poffertje Crackertje

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Next Week

* Prepare questions for the guest teacher

* Part of the PTA