3V: Past Perfect (vs. Past Simple) and Present Perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Unit 2, Lesson 3: Past Perfect vs Past Simple!

Goal:

At the end of this lesson, 

you will know how to use the Past Perfect 

(in combination with the Past Simple).

You will also understand the main points of TV news broadcasts reporting events, accidents and so on

Lesson 3, Ex. 9-12

• Complete Exercise 9 together.
  
• Complete Exercises. 10 & 11.
  
• Test jezelf: complete questions 1-12 to check that you understand that past perfect in combination with the past simple.
  
• Complete Exercise 13: 
• Step 1: Watch the video and answer the questions in keywords and short sentences.
• Step 2: Write your news item, using your notes from step 1.

• Step 3: Work with a classmate. Switch news items and check them against the video.

How does it work?

Past Perfect        -           had + past participle

something happened in the past before something else happened in the past.

 

What do you already know?

Past Perfect

When do you use Past Perfect?

- If you want to add information to a story / text.

- If you want to tell something that happened before something else happened in the past.

It is the past of the past.

How does it work?

Present Simple - I work hard every day.

Past Simple - I lost my keys yesterday.

Present Perfect - I have lost my keys.

Past Perfect - They had left before the show ended.

I had always walked home until I bought my first car.

I had been stuck in the lift for hours when a fireman finally came and rescued me.

What is happening in this sentence?

When he arrived at the train station, the train had already left.

What happened

first?

🇬🇧 Past Simple 

🇳🇱 Verleden Tijd

ww+ed

(irr. verb = 2e vorm)

I 

I saw him yesterday.

🇬🇧 Past Perfect

🇳🇱 Voltooid Verleden Tijd

🇬🇧 Past Simple 

🇳🇱 Verleden Tijd

ww+ed

(irr. verb = 2e vorm)

He arrived at the train station.

I decided to walk home.

🇬🇧 Past Perfect 

🇳🇱 Voltooid Verleden Tijd

had + ww+ed

(irr. verb = had + 3e vorm)

When he arrived at the train station the train had left.

I had lost my bike key so I decided to walk home.

The Past Perfect shows what happened first in the past.

Fill in the Past Perfect:
When I walked in, the meeting ___already___ (start).

Fill in the Past Perfect:
After he ______ (pass) his exam, he threw a party.

Fill in the Past Perfect:
He was shocked because he ____ never ____ (see) anything like this.

Great! Now let's practise a bit with the Present Perfect and the Past Simple.

Look carefully at what happened first (past perfectI and then what happened next (past simple).

When they _______ (finish) school, they _______ (go) to the mall.

1. had finished - went
2. finished - had gone

They ________ (show) me the pictures they ________ (take) during their holiday.

1. had shown - took
2. showed - had taken

The boy _______ (be) sorry for what he ______ (do).

1. had been - did
2. was - had done

Okay... Now, I'd like to introduce you to  Ben:

Making a sentece with the Past Perfect and Past Simple.

- Ben bought flowers for Jen.

- Ben arrived at Jen's house.

What happened first?

Making a sentece with the Past Perfect and Past Simple.

- Ben bought flowers for Jen. (1)

- Ben arrived at Jen's house. (2)

What happened first? --> Past Perfect

Ben had bought flowers before he arrived at Jen's house. 

or

Before he arrived at Jen's house, Ben had bought flowers.

Now, write one sentence describing what happened using the Past Perfect and Past Simple:

Now, write one sentence describing what happened using the Past Perfect and Past Simple:

Are you up for a challenge? How would you put these three sentences in one sentence?

Are you not sure yet or do you want some extra practice?

An extra video:

CLICK!

Extra practice:

CLICK!

Done? Read the information on p. 89 of your study box Lesson 2 about the past perfect. Study the grammar box about the past perfect, then complete exercise 8.

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📝

All Right: Lesson 2, Exercise 9 & 10

1. Read the information on p. 89 of your study box Lesson 2 about the past simple vs present perfect vs past perfect.

2. Study the grammar box about the past perfect.

3. Complete exercise 9 & 10.

I can now use the Past Perfect (together with the Past Simple).

1. Yes
2. No
3. Not sure yet..

What's the Difference Between the Present Perfect and the Past Perfect?

In short, we use the present perfect to talk about recent or past events that happened at an indefinite time, and we use the past perfect to refer to something that occurred before something else.

Present perfect and past perfect structures

Before digging deeper into this topic, let’s quickly review the structures.

The present perfect:

Have/Has + Past Participle

The past perfect:

Had + Past Participle

Of course, their differences go beyond the way they’re structured, so let’s get down to them now. 

The timelines of the present perfect and the past perfect

How is the past time involved in these tenses? 

When we refer to past actions that happened at an indefinite time, the present perfect is the right choice.

He has written several movie scripts.

With this, the action starts in the past but somehow extends up to the present. It might be because that event is unfinished, or that it may be relevant to the present time. 

I have lived in Rome for 10 years now.

(I’m still living in Rome)

And what about the past perfect?

We use it when talking about a past action that’s finished before a certain time or before another past action. In other words, an action or actions happening before another. 

I had lived in Italy for 10 years before moving to London.

(Meaning: after ten years, I moved to London)