Relative pronouns

• English
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• Lower Secondary (Key Stage 3)

relative clauses

The person who phoned me last night is my teacher.

• We use WHO for people.
  

The bag which I bought was brown.

• We use WHICH for things.
  

THAT

We use that for both things & people

The bag that I bought was brown.

The person that phoned me last night is my teacher.

• We use THAT for both people & things.
  

The car ____ I drive is old.

1. what
2. that
3. which
4. who

The cyclist ____won the race trained hard

1. who
2. what
3. which

I am looking for someone ____ can watch my dog while I go on vacation.

1. whom
2. which
3. that
4. who

Fill in: The person _____phoned me last night is my teacher.

just one more:
The police needed details ____could help identify the robber.

the importance of commas

Her brother, who lives in London, is a doctor.

Her brother who called you last week got married.

Her brother is a doctor.

(living in London is extra information which you can leave out)

Her brother got married.

(brother who called you is important because it is about which brother)

With or without commas:
Plants(,) which grow in the desert(,) need little water.

1. with
2. without

***Important

• Plants which grow in the desert need little water.          OR
  
• Plants that grow in the desert need little water. 
  

BUT

• I have a lot of plants, which I water every day.           
  
• I have a lot of plants, that I water every day.  NOT!
  

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/relative-pronouns-and-relative-clauses

Fill in the gap:
I am not sure ____ car that is.