This lesson contains 28 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 3 videos.
Items in this lesson
9.1.3: World War 1: Fighting the War
9. The Time of World Wars
Slide 1 - Slide
Slide 2 - Video
people in this lesson
Wilson
president
USA
Nicholas II
emperor (Czar)
Russia
Lenin
revolutionary
Russia
Slide 3 - Slide
Slide 4 - Slide
Slide 5 - Slide
German soldiers opening chlorine gas cannisters to poison the enemy
Slide 6 - Slide
Thousands of soldiers were blinded by the gas
Slide 7 - Slide
WWI ZEPPELINS: NOT TOO DEADLY, BUT SCARY AS HELL
Slide 8 - Slide
WW1 saw the first aerial "dogfights"
The German Manfred von Richthoven , nicknamed the Red Baron, was the most successful fighter pilot during World War I. It is said he won more than 80 air battles before he was shot down .
Slide 9 - Slide
German U-boats terrorized Allied ships
Slide 10 - Slide
The first tanks were seen in 1916
Slide 11 - Slide
Flamethrowers were used to flush enemy soldiers out of their trenches
Slide 12 - Slide
most feared by soldiers
bombing and dogfights
break through the enemy trenches
blokkade enemy supplies
bombing, reconnaissance, create panic
drive the enemy out of their trenches
Slide 13 - Drag question
America (USA) enters the war (April 1917).
Causes:
American ships were sunk by German U-boats
American banks feared loss of loans to the Allies if the centrals would win
Wilson feared loss of democracy in Europe if Germany would win.
Direct cause:
the Zimmermann Telegram.
Slide 14 - Slide
1917: a decisive year
Two significant events changed the course of the war.
German U-Boats kept attacking unarmed passenger and merchant ships.
The Zimmerman Telegram
President Woodrow Wilson asking Congress to declare war on Germany on April 2, 1917
British propaganda poster in response to the sinking of The Lusitania. Dated 1915.
Slide 15 - Slide
The Zimmermann telegram: the direct cause for the USA to declare war on the Central Powers.
The encoded letter
The decoded letter
The letter published
Slide 16 - Slide
Slide 17 - Video
CAUSES
DIRECT CAUSE
Why did the USA join WW1?
Zimmermann Telegram
US loans to the Allies
unrestricted submarine warfare
make the world safe for democracy
Slide 18 - Drag question
Russia is leaving the war
Causes:
staggering number of casualties among poorly armed Russian soldiers.
discontent in Russian cities: hunger, poverty, war.
discontent about the Czar's rule and bad military leadership.
All this led to the Russian Revolution in Feb 1917. (= February Revolution)
Result: the czar abdicated but the new (temporary civilian) government continued the war.
Slide 19 - Slide
Direct cause:
Lenin, leader of the communists, seizes power in Russia during the October Revolution.
He signs an armistice (dec 1917) and negotiates a Peace Treaty with Germany. (Treaty of Brest-Litovsk)
Slide 20 - Slide
At the Peace Conference in Brest-Litovsk (arrival of the Russian delegation)
Slide 21 - Slide
Consequences / effects:
Russia lost a lot of territory (and resources) to Germany.
Russia's former allies (Britain and France) saw Lenin as a traitor of the alliance.
Germany could send its soldiers in Russia to the western front (no more two-front war!)
It is spring 1918. Germany hopes to win the war before the Americans arrive.
Slide 22 - Slide
Slide 23 - Slide
When Lenin became the leader of Russia,
A
Russia switched sides and joined the Central Powers
B
Russia kept fighting but lost the war after the battle of Brest-Litovsk
C
Russia surrendered to Germany
D
Germany surrendered to Russia to end the two-front war
Slide 24 - Quiz
The road to Armistice, 11/11/1918, 11 a.m.
1918
April. The German offensive fails. Germany is exhausted.
Aug.: 1 million American troops join the Allies in France.
Oct.: unrest and local communist revolutions in Germany. Even the navy soldiers refuse to fight any longer.
Nov 9: without army support Wilhelm II abdicates (and flees to the Netherlands). Germany becomes a Republic. With the kaiser gone, the Allies now agree to an armistice.
Nov 11: armistice is signed in Compiègne. All armies stop fighting.