past perfect and indirect / reported speech

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Past Perfect

• Form: Had + Past Participle:

He had not seen her in 5 decades;

• Use: 2 points in time: the one furthest away is the past perfect. The other one the past simple;

Example:

After they had gone to the restaurant he realised that he had forgotten his credit card.

Fill in the correct tense:
The dog ….. (to be) happy when I …… (to arrive) home because it ….. (to be) alone for 8 hours.

1. was / had arrived / was
2. Had been / had arrived / had been
3. was / arrived / had been
4. had been / arrived / was

Reported Speech

• Reported speech = Indirect Speech
• Direct Speech: ​

    Something is said directly, sentence is between inverted commas "..."​

• The Prince said :  "I love you!"

Reported Speech or Indirect Speech

Reported / Indirect Speech: Something is said in an indirect way!

The Princess said: "I do not love the Prince."    →

The Princess said that she did not love the Prince.

Reported Speech: Verb Tense Changes

* The  verb in Reported /  Indirect Speech is "further" back in time: e.g.

He said: "I hate you!"   →

He said that he hated her.→

They said: "We loved eachother once."   →

They said that they had loved eachother once

He stated: "There has always been love between them."      

He stated that there had always been love between them.

Reporting verbs

Police said they had been searching for the missing child for two days.

I told my parents I would always do my homework.

Other reporting verbs?

Said is never followed by a DO!

Told is always followed by a DO!

told, pointed out, explained, admitted, added, agreed, promised

Put the following sentences in reported speech.
"I was knocked down by a bus when I was 10."

The busdriver stated:
"I did not have enough time to stop the bus.

My mother said: "you must pay more attention when you are crossing the road."