1.3 Like a pair of bellows - Anne

1.3 Like a pair of bellows

05-12-23

Lesson outline

What did we do last time?
 1.3 Like a pair of bellows

Notes

short revision 1.1 + 1.2

Homework

What did we do last time?

Ways of breathing

Breathing in general

Inhaling: flow of air fill the lungs -> chest cavity needs to expand

Exhale: flow of air leaves the lungs -> chest cavity needs to shrink

Breathing in & out

Two ways to breath:

   - Chest breathing        - Abdominal breathing

Intercostals:

  - Muscles between your ribs

Diaphragm:

- A sheet of muscle that separates your chest area from your abdominal cavity

chest breathing

In chest breathing (thoracic breathing), the ribs and the breastbone move.

Breath in:

Intercostal muscles tense --> moves your ribs and breastbone up,

Breath out:

Intercostal muscles relax --> moves your ribs and breastbone down.

abdominal breathing

In abdominal breathing (diaphragmatic breathing), the diaphragm and abdominal wall move.

Breath in:

The diaphragm contracts, making it move downwards

Breath out:

The diaphragm relaxes, making it move back upwards to normal position.
(Extra strong exhalation: abdominal muscles contract) 

Chest breathing

Abdominal breathing

• Most people
• Ribs move up and down
• This movement 'sucks' air into the  lungs

• Often learned behaviour
• Diaphragm moves up and down
• This movement 'sucks' air into the lungs

Many people use a mix of these types of breathing

Chest breathing is used during / in

1. your sleep and while resting
2. action
3. both
4. neither

Diaphragmatic breathing is used most during / in...

1. your sleep and while resting
2. action
3. both
4. neither

Lung volume

Tidal volume:

- The amount of air you breathe in or out with each regular breath.

Vital capacity:

- A maximum inhalation

Residual volume (lung volume):

- The volume of air left in the lungs

What do we call the volume of air that you inhale or exhale with each breath?

1. Lung volume
2. Residual volume
3. Tidal volume
4. Total capacity

How can you measure breathing?

spirometer

From big to small. Which order is correct?

1. Bronchus - alveoli - bronchioles
2. Alveoli - bronchioles - bronchus
3. Bronchi - bronchioles - alveoli
4. Windpipe - bronchus - bronchi

What is the main purpose of the alveoli?

1. Transfer oxygen to and remove CO2 from the blood cells
2. To trap dust in the lungs
3. To make your voice go high When inhaling helium.
4. To transfer blood.

Trachea

Bronchus

Alveolus

Nasal cavity

Bronchioles

Pharynx

Epiglottis

Larynx

Which cells hold onto the dust you inhale?

1. Olfactory cells
2. Mucus producing cells
3. Nose hairs
4. Ciliated cells

Which process is shown in the picture?

1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Gas exchange
4. Respiration

What is the formula of respiration? 

+

+

+

Glucose

Oxygen

Energy

Carbon dioxide

Water