3.1 The Enlightenment

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 2

Chapter 3

3.1 The Enlightenment

At the end of this lesson...

• You can describe the society of estates in the Ancien Régime.
• You can explain how the Enlightenment was a new way of thinking.
• Using examples, you can explain how enlightened thinkers had new ideas about good government.

Today

- What do you know already (+- 10 min)

- Explanation  (+- 15 min)

- Video and questions (+- 20 min)

Age of Wigs and Revolution: The symbol of the age of wigs and revolutions. A guillotine, a device popular during the French revolution, used to chop of people's heads, can be seen in front of a depiction of a scientific meeting.

Society of Estates

• Since the Middle Ages, French society was divided into 3 orders: 'They who pray, They who fight and They who work'

• There could be no doubt about this division: God had decreed it that way.

1st estate

• The clergy: the people of the church. They made sure that the people would reach heaven. The high clergy lived in large palaces and mostly had rights (and only a few duties).
  

• The clergy owned a lot of land: they were large landowners

2nd estate

• The nobility: They are responisble for governing and defending the land. They lived in large palaces. Theycmostly had rights (and only a few duties).

• Louis XIV didn't trust them.  Therefore they had to live near him. He could keep an eye on them this way. 
  

3rd estate

• The peasants and citizens. Basically anyone who didn't belong in the 1st or 2nd order. That is why the differences within the 3rd order were so great. For example, you had the bourgeoisie. This were people with their own company and a diploma. 

• The 3rd order had all of the duties: for example, they did have to pay taxes.

The Enlightenment

We're going to watch a video about the Enlightenment. Answer the questions. 

Homework

3.1!

Next week: 3.2 at the learning center.