5 - Digestive enzymes

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

LESSON 5

Review lesson 1:

• Nutrients 
• Sources and Uses 

What is sodium an example of?

1. carbohydrates
2. water
3. minerals
4. vitamins

What are peaches a good source of?

1. carbohydrates
2. water
3. fibres
4. proteins

What are raw nuts a good source of?

1. carbohydrates
2. water
3. fibres
4. proteins

Review lesson 2:

• balanced diets
• dietary choices
• psychological issues with food

Someone who is a ovotarian does not eat ..... and does eat .........?

1. vegetables, cheese
2. meat, eggs
3. meat, fish
4. vegetables, fish

Explain the difference between a vegetarian and a pescatarian.

Which religion does not allow any alcohol and any pork products?

1. Islam
2. Buddhism
3. Judeism
4. Christianity

Review lesson 3:

• Deficiencies
• Diabetes
• Unhealthy lifestyles

What deficiency is caused by a lack of iron?

1. scurvy
2. rickets
3. anemia
4. marasmus

What deficiency is caused by a lack of vitamin C?

1. scurvy
2. rickets
3. anemia
4. marasmus

What deficiency is caused by a lack of vitamin D & calcium?

1. scurvy
2. rickets
3. anemia
4. marasmus

Which type of diabetes is preventable?

1. type 1
2. type 2

Review lesson 4:

• How does our body process the food?
• Fases of digestion
• Teeth

What does ingestion mean?

1. moving the food into your body
2. biting and chewing food

MOUTH

STOMACH

LIVER

OESOPHAGUS

DUODENUM

SMALL INTESTINE

LARGE INTESTINE

PANCREAS

crown

root

dentine

pulp

jaw bone

gums

enamel

nerves & bloodvessels

HW FOR TODAY:

1. HW  for lessons 2-5 should be completed and handed in.
2. Did you check you did it to the correct  level?
3. Answer sheets are uploaded on the stream.
4. Any questions until now?

LESSON 5

TODAY:

• Chemical digestion (mouth)
• Chemical digestion (stomach)
• Chemical digestion (duodenum)
• Absorption (villi)

INGESTION:

MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH

MECHANICAL DIGESTION:

• BREAKING THE FOOD INTO SMALLER PIECES.
• THIS IS DONE BY YOUR TEETH
• BITING AND CHEWING

CHEMICAL DIGESTION:

• BREAKING THE FOOD INTO EVEN SMALLER PIECES.
• USING ENZYMES TO BREAK DOWN THE FOOD MOLECULES. 

KERBOODLE PAGE 54

STEP 1:

MOUTH

STEP 2:

STOMACH

STEP 3:

DUODENUM

Chemical digestion step 1: 

• the place: the mouth (esophagus)
• the enzyme: amylase
• the liquid: saliva
• the nutrient: carbodrates
• the products: glucose & maltose

• The enzymes in your saliva start breaking down the carbohydrate molecules into maltose and glucose.

Chemical digestion step 2: 

• the place: the stomach
• the enzyme: protease
• the liquid: chyme and hydrochloric acid
• the nutrient: proteins
• the products: amino acids

• The enzymes in your chyme start breaking down the protein molecules into amino acids.

Extra info about the stomach: 

• the place: the stomach
• the enzyme: rennin
• the liquid: chyme
• the nutrient: milk
• the products:turns the proteins in milk solid and lump together so it is easier to digest

Before chemical digestion step 3: 

• the place: liver
• the enzyme: none
• the liquid: bile
• the nutrient: fats

• Bile is an alkaline and neutralises the acid in the chyme. (drops the pH).
• Bile emulsifies (breaks chemical bonds) fats. Splits it into smaller drops

Chemical digeston step 3: part A

• the place: the duodenum
• the enzyme: lipase
• the liquid: chyme and bile
• the nutrient: fats
• the products: fatty acids and glycerol

Chemical digestion step 3: part B

• the place: the duodenum
• the enzyme: amylase
• the liquid: chyme 
• the nutrient:carbohydrates and maltose
• the products: glucose

Chemical digestion step 3: part C

• the place: the duodenum
• the enzyme: protease
• the liquid: chyme 
• the nutrient:proteins
• the products: amino acids

Homework: 

• Complete the hw on classroom to your correct level.
• Study the Quizlet of "Glossary Food & Digestion" (100% on learn, match, flashcards &  test)