3.3 Break it down!

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Ch3 breaking down food

ingestion-digestion-absorption-egestion

In the duodenum -> 

all 3 types of

enzymes

are added

digestion

mechanical => chewing

chemical  => breaking food down using enzymes

0

enzymes are specific

substrate is broken down

Ch3 Break it down

Chemical digeston step 1: 

• the place: the mouth (esophagus)
• the enzyme: amylase
• the liquid: saliva
• the nutrient: carbohydrates
• the products: glucose

• The enzymes in your saliva start breaking down the carbohydrate molecules into glucose.

Chemical digeston step 2: 

• the place: the stomach
• the enzyme: protease
• the liquid: chyme and hydrochloric acid
• the nutrient: proteins
• the products: amino acids

• The enzymes in your chyme (=maagzuur) start breaking down the protein molecules into amino acids.

Before chemical digeston step 3a: 

• in the Duodenum a liquid is added, called bile (Dutch: gal)
• It comes from the liver
• and helps lipase by first 'emulsifying' the fats.

• Emulsification is the spreading  of fats into small droplets.
  

Chemical digeston step 3b

• the place: the duodenum + the small+large intestine!
• the enzyme: lipase + amylase + protease
• the liquids: chyme and bile
• the nutrients: fats + starch + proteins
• the products: fatty acids and glycerol + glucose + amino acids

QUIZZZ...

Fases of digestion. Put them in the right order.

1

2

3

4

digestion

ingestion

absorption

egestion

Our diet brings us 6 nutrients + fibres. Which 3 of these can give us energy?

1. Vitamins, Minerals and Fats
2. Carbohydrates, Minerals and Fats
3. Carbohydrates, Vitamins and Fats
4. Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats

Which of the following is not a function of fat?

1. Protect inner organs
2. Help to absorb vitamins
3. Building block
4. Protect against disease

Which of these food products are high in protein?

1. Salmon
2. Vegetable oil
3. Blueberries
4. Oatmeal

What 3 tips could you give someone who wants to have a healthy diet?

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion?

Ingestion

Mechanical digestion

Chemical digestion

MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH

BREAKING THE FOOD INTO SMALLER PIECES.

THIS IS DONE BY YOUR TEETH

BREAKING THE FOOD INTO EVEN SMALLER PIECES.

USING ENZYMES TO BREAK DOWN THE FOOD MOLECULES. 

Which end product results from the activity of the enzyme 'protease'?

1. Amino acids
2. Protein
3. Fatty acids
4. Nutrients

What are the end products of the actions of lipase (and bile)?

For the test you must understand:

• all words in bold, all figures
• the route of food and nutrients
• the functions and wholesomeness of nutrients
• how which organs and enzymes help digestion
• what the end products are when nutrients are digested. 

Your Ch3 test is coming up soon. 

Do the online test in Eduhint.nl !

And add items to your Mindmap!