V4 - week 11 - Poetry Counting the Beats / A red red Rose / Incident

• Middelbare school

Poetry

• Incident
• Counting the Beats
• A Red, Red Rose

&

• What is a Limerick?
• Wat is a Villanelle?
• First Love - remark

Incident - Norman MacCraig

What is the poem about?

What is stanza 1 about? How does the narrator feel? How does the other person feel?

What does "I will you to ask"mean? Why does he want her to do this?

What  type of literary device is used in stanza 2?

What type of literary device is used in stanza 3?

A Red, Red Rose - R. Burns

Which type of literary device is used in stanza 1?

What is the rhyme scheme?

What does the line "As fair art thou, my bonny lass" mean?

What does the third stanza mean?

Counting the Beats - Robert Graves

• Ambiguous setting
  

• A  nameless man and woman engage in intimate dialogue
  

• Narrator has ironic knowledge of events beyond the limits of the couple. 
  

Stanza I - Q

What is the mood in the first stanza of the poem?

What is the difference between the first two lines and the last two lines ? (And if no more than only you and I / What care you or I?")

Stanza I - A

And if no more than only you and I / What care you or I?"

 He seems content or resolved that only the two of them remain important—but with regard to what: 

their place in the universe? their private love? or their fear of the future? 

Volta, or "turn," at the beginning of the line colors the tone of his question

->  suspicion that their love has limitations and exists in isolation

Stanza II - Q

"The bleeding to death of time in slow heart beats." 

 What does this mean?

Stanza II - A

"The bleeding to death of time in slow heart beats." 

 Passion has been dulled.

The couple allows life, and with it love, to escape from them in slow, measured time, as indicated by the slow beats of their hearts.

Stanza III - Q

"Cloudless day,

Night, and a cloudless day,

Yet the huge storm will burst upon their heads one day.

From a bitter sky" 

Who is speaking here?

What is the contrast in this stanza?

What is predicted after "yet"?

Stanza III - A

"Yet the huge storm will burst upon their heads one day." 

• Contrast: bliss in first lines, fatalism in last two lines
  

• The narrator who has ironic knowledge is speaking:
  

the couple believes love to be ever present, however become suspicious that it actually will. 

The narrator knows that love will turn out differently than the couple suspects 

• Dramatic irony = 
  

audience has knowlegde of situation that characters don't have

Stanza IV - Q

Who is speaking in stanza 4?

What types of questions are being asked?

What can you say about the tone (= author's attitude towards subject) & mood (=reader's emotions aroused by atmosphere) of the poem?

Stanza IV - A

The omniscient voice/narrator & the two lovers

The lovers’ own rhetorical questions suggest that the future, whether set by God, Fate, or Chance, engulfs, overwhelms, and controls them.

 Are they the cause of their own destruction or caught up in some other design?

The omniscient voice/narrator states the inevitable and will not intercede; 

it merely knows how love will end.

Tone/Mood - Counting the Heartbeats

The tone of bleak hopelessness is more important than the limited events of an unidentified man and woman. 

Their actions are simple at best: while the dialogue between the pair suggests a love affair, it does not progress beyond three short statements, their conversation, coupled with the narrator’s prescient observations that indicate an inevitable unhappy future.

Limerick

What is this? Give a complete definition

Can you find an example of this in "From June to December"?

Villanelle

What is this? Give a complete definition

Can you find an example of this in "From June to December"?

Villanelle 

 a 19-line poem, 

consisting of 5 tercets (3-line stanzas), 

followed by a quatrain (4-line stanza). 

There are two refrains (lines that are repeated in the poem) 

with the first and the third line of the first tercet being repeated alternately 

until the last stanza. 

The last stanza includes both repeated lines

Villanelle 

 a 19-line poem, 

consisting of 5 tercets (3-line stanzas), 

followed by a quatrain (4-line stanza). 

There are two refrains (lines that are repeated in the poem) 

with the first and the third line of the first tercet being repeated alternately 

until the last stanza. 

The last stanza includes both repeated lines

First Love

Who is the older man in the book?

What does "Paradise all term was page 179" mean?

What does "failed to entice him from his century" mean?

Indefinite article (a/an)

A -> use for words starting with a consonant sound (B/C/D/G/F/ etc. )

AN -> use for words starting with a vowel sound (A/E/I/O/U)

AN HOUR -> starts with "au" sound = vowel sound

A HORSE/HOUND ->  start with "h" sound (glottal fricative "h" = sound made by air "hissing" through vocal chords) 

A ONE ->  starts with "w" sound 

Indefinite article (a/an)

Use indefinite article (a/an) before:

•  PROFESSIONS, RELIGIONS  (She's a doctor, He's a feminist, She's a Muslim)
  

       NOTE: if the profession is held by only ONE, then no "a" or "an" (He is President of the United States. He was Pope John the III)

• A CERTAIN MR/MRS/MS
• EXPRESSION WITH PRICES/SPEED/DISTANCE/TIME ETC. (30 euros a kilo/7 pounds a piece/twice a year/ 100 km an hour)
• A HUNDRED, A THOUSAND (This cost her a hundred euros.)
• "WAT EEN .....!" -> onderscheid telbaar (countable = girls/trees/dogs etc.) en niet-telbaar (non-countable = love, hate, milk etc.)

      COUNTABLE NOUNS SINGULAR = A (What a beautiful girl!) 

      COUNTABLE NOUNS PLURAL = NO "A" (What beautiful girls!)

      NON-COUNTABLE = NO "A"  What nonsense! What beautiful flowers! What delicious wine!)      

      But: What a pity! What a shame!

• After AS, WITH(OUT) (Don't leave without a jacket)
  

Indefinite article (a/an)

Exceptions:

• Don't use a/an for plural nouns (Have you been able to find pants yet? Can you find me some scissors?)
  
• Don't use for job positions that can only be held by ONE person (She wanted to become President. As captain of the team..)
  

NO "the" (definite article) for...

• abstract nouns (love, life)

• plural nouns GENERAL USE (bananas are expensive) N.B.: when referring to SPECIFIC bananas: use "the" (the bananas grown in South Africa ...)

• buildings (church/home/hospital/prison/school/university) referring to use (I go to school every day. He goes to church on Sunday)

• names of meals used in a general sense (breakfast is served from 7 till 10 a.m. / Lunch is on us. / Dinner can be a real challenge with toddlers.)

• names of seasons used in a general sense (Summer is the time for swimming, fun and laughter. But: The summer I remember best is ....

• proper names + the name of a building/street/park etc. (Buckingham Palace, Central Park, 10 Downing Street)
• adjective (bijvoegelijk nmw.)  + proper name (eigen naam) (Victorian England, old Angus, medieval France)

• Most / next / last (most people, next Friday, last week)
  
• Man/woman/mankind/society when used in a general sense