Modals 2KGT

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo k, g, t
• Leerjaar 2

Welcome!

Modals

Modals are auxiliaries

Which means 'hulpwerkwoorden' 

Helping the main verb!

To express: ability, permission, possibility, necessity, obligation,  

Modal Verbs 

Hulpwerkwoorden

must, have to, don't/doesn't have to

lesdoel: je kunt de hulpwerkwoorden op een juiste manier gebruiken.

Must + infinitive

must + infinitive: moeten, personal necessity (persoonlijke noodzaak)

Ex: We must go to the concert, it is supposed to be amazing!

I must go to grandma this afternoon.

must + infinitive: moeten, het kan niet anders.

Ex.: You must be Jack.

They must be tired after such a long day.

Mustn´t + infinitive

mustn't + infinitive: niet mogen/moeten

 

Ex. I mustn't be home late. 

 We mustn´t eat the entire cake. 

Should+ infinitive

should+ infinitive: zou moeten, moet eigenlijk, 

Ex: We should go to the concert, the band will only do this once.

I should study harder to get better grades.

Shouldn't + infinitive

mustn't + infinitive: beter niet mogen/moeten

 

Ex. I shouldn't be home late or I'll miss dinner.

 We shouldn´t eat the entire cake. It's not good for us.

Must

Hoe ?

must/must not + het hele werkwoord

Wanneer?

Als jij vindt dat iets (niet) moet.

Must is krachtiger dan should.

Examples

You mustn't talk during his presentation.

They must wear a suit to the interview.

Have to + infinitive

have to+ infinitive: obligations (verplichtingen van buitenaf opgelegd). Think about university, school, work, your parents, the government, the law.

Ex.: You have to pass the test to be considered for that university.

You have to clean up your room if you want to get pocket money!

Has to / have to

Hoe ?

has to/have to + hele werkwoord

Wanneer?

zekerheid, noodzaak of verplichting

wanneer iets moet van iemand anders / een regel of wet.

Examples

This answer has to be correct (zekerheid)

They have to wear a school uniform. (verplichting)

They have to be home at eight o'clock. (verplichting)

Must and have to: summary

Have to and must both mean 'moeten' in Dutch 

The context in which you use them is different!

Must: personal necessities

Have to: obligation (when someone else tells you what to do: school, the law, the government, your parents, your job etc.)

Note: the difference between must and have to is slowly disappearing in modern day English.

don´t/doesn´t have to + infinitive

don't/doesn't have to+ infinitive: niet hoeven (no obligations, geen verplichtingen).

Ex. You don't have to cook if you do not want to.

She doesn´t have to go to bed early: it´s Saturday!

 I don´t have to go to the supermarket ; my mum has already been there.

Don't / doesn't have to

Hoe"?

don't have to / doesn't have to + hele werkwoord

Wanneer?

Het betekent dan 'niet hoeven'.

Je geeft aan dat er geen verplichting is. 

(het hoeft niet persé) 

Examples

You don't have to wear a tie with your suit.

She doesn't have to walk her dog.

I don't have to do the dishes.

Note!

The negatives of must (mustn´t) and have to (don´t/doesn´t have to) mean something different.

mustn´t: niet moeten/mogen

don´t/doesn´t have to: niet hoeven

Carol ….. pay for her lunch.

1. don't have to
2. mustn't
3. doesn't has to
4. doesn't have to

You really ….. take a trip to the Grand Canyon! I think it is so beautiful.

1. must
2. have to
3. ought

They are really ill, so they ….. see a doctor.

1. don't have to
2. have to
3. doesn't have to
4. ought to

I ….. see that film. It is said to be fantastic!

1. ought to
2. should
3. have to
4. must

I think you ___ study a lot for tests.

1. should
2. have to

According to this year's schoolrules, we ….. put our phones in our lockers.

1. must
2. should
3. have to
4. don't have to

It's a hospital. You ... smoke.

1. must not
2. don't have to
3. should not