Havo 5 - week 38

Grammar
  • Irregular verbs review & Grammar review website www.ego4u.com
  • Signaalwoorden/context
  • Present Simple vs Present Continuous
  • Past Simple vs Present Perfect
  • Past Perfect
  • Indirect Speech
  • Past Continuous
  • Future tenses (Future Simple/Future Continuous/Future Perfect)
  • Debate 
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Slide 1: Diapositive
EngelsMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 5

Cette leçon contient 34 diapositives, avec diapositives de texte.

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Grammar
  • Irregular verbs review & Grammar review website www.ego4u.com
  • Signaalwoorden/context
  • Present Simple vs Present Continuous
  • Past Simple vs Present Perfect
  • Past Perfect
  • Indirect Speech
  • Past Continuous
  • Future tenses (Future Simple/Future Continuous/Future Perfect)
  • Debate 

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Slide 2 - Lien

Slide 3 - Lien

Signaalwoorden/context
In elke zin die je vertaalt staan er signaalwoorden die aangeven welke tijd je gaat gebruiken:


  • right now/look!/listen!/currently/always -> present continuous
  • feit/gewoonte/soms/nooit/if-zin 1st conditional -> present simple
  • last/ago/when/then/in 2001 etc. -> past simple
  • since/for/how long/so far/yet/up till now etc. -> present perfect
  • while/when -> past continuous
  • by this time tomorrow/next year etc. -> future continuous (could also be future perfect/look at context)
  • in two years time/next year etc. -> future perfect
  • before/after -> (often)  past perfect
  • (s)he/they said that ...-> indirect speech (tijd 1 naar achter )


Slide 4 - Diapositive

Present Simple
Vorm:
Hele ww -> I/you/we/they (they talk)
Hele ww + s -> he/she/it (she talks)

Gebruik:
  • Feiten (Boris Johnson lives in London.)
  • Gewoonte - Regelmaat/nooit/soms (She hardly ever sees him.)
  • Roosters/schema's (=toekomst) (Our school starts at 9 am tomorrow morning)
  • Bij "as soon as", "the minute you" (tijdsuitdrukkingen) - (As soon as you leave, give me a ring.)

Vragen/ontkenningen (zinnen met not/never):
Does/do + hele ww/1e vorm ....?
They don't / he doesn't + hele ww/1e vorm
Present Continuous
Vorm:
To be + ww + ing (am/is/are + ww + ing)

Gebruik:
  • Gebeurt op dit moment (It's raining. People are going inside.)
  • Tijdelijke situatie  (She is a nurse, but she is currently working as a physiotherapist.)
  • Situatie in ontwikkeling (becoming/getting/changing/turning into etc. - The American people are getting more and more obese.)
  • Irritatie (always - Why is Mom always nagging about my room?)
  • Activiteit (afspraak/agenda) welke vastligt in de toekomst.(I'm flying to New York tomorrow.)

Vragen/ontkenningen (zinnen met not/never):
Am/is/are + ww +ing ? ; am not/isn't/aren't

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Past Simple
Vorm:
Regelmatige ww: ww + ed
Onregelmatige ww: 2e vorm

Gebruik:
  • Actie die is afgelopen (tijd = genoemd)
  • Een opeenvolging van acties in de verleden tijd
  • Een gewoonte in de verleden tijd (I used to sleep a lot)

Signaalwoorden:
when, then, ago, in 2001, once upon a time, 

Vragen/ontkenningen (zinnen met not/never):
Did + hele ww/1e vorm ....?
Didn't + hele ww.
Past Continuous
Vorm:
was/were + ww + ing 

Gebruik:
  • Iets was al aan de gang in het verleden toen een andere gebeurtenis (kort - Past Simple) ertussen kwam (I was listening to her story, when he knocked on the window.)
  • Twee langere acties vinden tegelijkertijd plaats in het verleden (I was doing my homework, while you were watching a movie)
  • Beschrijving van een scene in de verleden tijd (So it was a beautiful day: the sun was shining and we were all enjoying this lovely picknick.)

Vragen/ontkenningen (zinnen met not/never):
Was/were + verb + ing? 
Wasn't/weren't + verb + ing

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Past Simple vs Present Perfect
  • Past Simple -> finished in the past/when=  mentioned
  • Present Perfect -> 1) started in the past AND still going on 2) Result (when = not mentioned) 3) Recent action (when = not mentioned)


Past Simple -> I flew (2e vorm) to Sweden two weeks ago. Did you meet (did + HELE ww) her there last week?

Present Perfect -> I have never been (has/have + 3e vorm) to New York. Has she ever been (has/have + 3e vorm) abroad?


Slide 7 - Diapositive

Present Perfect vs Past Simple
General rule Past Simple:
  • Regular verbs: verb + ED
  • Irregular verbs: 2nd form (know by heart!!!!!)
  • Used when ACTIONION IS FINISHED - WHEN is IMPORTANT
  • Signal words: when/ago/last night/last week/yesterday etc.


General rule Present Perfect:
  • has (he/she/it) + past participle (-> regular verbs: verb + ED / irregular verbs: 3rd form)
  • have (I/you/we/they) + past participle (-> regular verbs + ED / irregular verbs: 3rd form)
  • Used for: RESULT is import (when=  NOT IMPORTANT/NOT MENTIONED; EXPERIENCE; RECENT ACTION; ACTION THAT STARTED IN THE PAST + IS STILL GOING ON /
  • Signal words: for/since/already/never/ever/always/yet/before/how long/how often etc.



Slide 8 - Diapositive

Past Perfect - earlier action in the past

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Backshift bij Indirect Speech

Present Simple -> Past Simple  -> Jim: " I like Donna" -> Jim said that he liked Donna

Past Simple -> Past Perfect -> Jim: "Donna moved to Spain last year." -> Jim said that Donna had moved to Spain last year.

Present Perfect -> Past Perfect -> Jim: "Donna has never been to my place." -> Jim said that Donna had never been to his place.

will -> would
can -> could
has/have -> had
shall -> should
am/is/are able to -> was/were able to

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Future Simple
1) will:
a) future facts 
b) spontaneous offer (at the moment of speaking)
c) prediction (not based on fact/personal opinion)
NOTE: Shall -> bij VRAGEN met WE/I -> Shall I get that for you?
d) weather forecast

2) going to:
a) planned action (not definite)
b) prediction based on evidence (Look! He is going to fall!)


Slide 13 - Diapositive

Future Simple
3) Present Simple
timetables (the store opens at 7 am tomorrow morning)

4) Present Continuous (am/is/are + verb + ing)
activity in the future scheduled to happen/(could be) in your agenda - when + where is often mentioned (I'm flying to New York tomorrow)


Slide 14 - Diapositive

Future Continuous
By this time tomorrow they WILL BE + verb + ing 

  • To emphasize duration
  • To emphasize future plans
  • To describe atmophere 
  • To describe interrupted action

By this time tomorrow they will be having lunch in the park.
See other examples next slide

Slide 15 - Diapositive

The Future Continuous

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Voorbeelden Future Continuous

Slide 17 - Diapositive

The Future Perfect

By this time next year they WILL HAVE + 3rd form 

  • To emphasize that something will be finished at a certain point in the future.
  • To emphasize something must have happened by now.


By this time next year they will have built the new apartment building.
They will have arrived at the airport by now.

Slide 18 - Diapositive

The Future Perfect

Slide 19 - Diapositive

Voorbeelden Future Perfect

Slide 20 - Diapositive

If -sentences (ex. C - p. 20)
1) If I leave now, will you come with me? - first conditional (mogelijk)

2) If I had a million dollars, would you be jealous? - second conditional (niet mogelijk/niet echt; als ik had, dan zou ...)

3) If I had been there, I could have warned him. (niet gebeurd/achteraf gesproken; wat als ik was geweest/was gegaan etc.)

Slide 21 - Diapositive

Slide 22 - Lien

Ex. B - p. 12 - Mixed tenses
1. Have never seen
2. Have lived here for
3. When did you go
4. Did he catch last night
5 Haven't been for
6. In a decade they will tear down (future fact/personal prediction)
7. (Was ringing) Rang while we were reading (= longer action)
8. Have you been (now) / past = were you
9. Have been (now) / past = was there
10. He always drinks (fact/habit)
11. We have been friends since
12. Did you sail a long time ago
13. I have just seen
14. Three years ago we bought
15. We have lived since
16. When I was singing/she began
17. Did she speak last month 18) hasn't said for 19) Up till now we haven't had 20) always cries/is crying (=irritation) /goes
Ex. C.- p. 13 - Mixed tenses
1. haven't played since
2. has been sitting since (has been + verb + ing -> stresses duration)
3. was sitting (Past continuous -> stresses duration)
4. wrote 
5. haven't sent for over
6. When I was having/heard
7. hasn't finished yet
8. has worked for three weeks now
9. I have already paid 
10. While we were working; it began
11. How long have you been...now?
12. What did you think when you first came here
13. Are you staying at a comfortable hotel (certain period of time)
14. Have you ever tasted
15. Did you like it when you first ate one
16. Every day he sits; watches
17. Yesterday I didn't work

Slide 23 - Diapositive

Ex. C.- p. 13 - Mixed tenses

17. Yesterday I didn't work
18. was born in Poland in 1867
19.our friend is leaving in 10 minutes (appointment in diary; plane leaves = timetable)
20. I am today
21. saw twenty min. ago
22. usually goes
23. met a year ago
24. learned/learnt when he was
25. was (in the past)
26. brings now (fact/habit)
27. Is there going to be ( planning) /Will there be (factual) next Friday / is there a meeting (programme/timetable)
28. What are you doing (definite appointment in diary) /going to do (still planning) - this = future (last = past)
29. discovered 400 years ago
30. he goes every day
31. I have written since
32. he has been ill


33. Lend me your pen! I have found the answer (result/just finished) 
34. he has been ill for three weeks now
35. has just left; he will be back at 3:15 (future fact)
36. I came in at 2:30 so I have been here for
37. How are you, F.? We haven't seen you since
38. A bird builds in spring (fact)
39. We have spoken for over
40. Have you ever been to
41. How long have you worked here, sir?
42. Last month my friend won..., we haven't seen him since.
43. The train leaves from platform .....
44. How long have you known this man?
45 He died after he had been seriously ill for some time.

Slide 24 - Diapositive

Slide 25 - Lien

Think about topics to debate
Read The Guardian.com/The NewYorkTimes.com
Watch BBC Newsround
Browse for arguments pro/con on your topic & use key words

-> Find 2 topics to debate
-> Jot down info + key words for arguments pro/con
-> Prepare 2 topics for debate 

Slide 26 - Diapositive

What have you learned today?

Slide 27 - Diapositive

Today's class
  • Past Simple vs Present Perfect 
  • Simple Past vs Past Perfect
  • Future tense
  • Short sentences: so/neither/question tags
  • HW next week (ex. C p. 19/20 = finished)
  • Debate 

Slide 28 - Diapositive

Past Simple vs Present Perfect
  • Past Simple -> finished in the past/when=  mentioned
  • Present Perfect -> 1) started in the past AND still going on 2) Result (when = not mentioned) 3) Recent action (when = not mentioned)


Past Simple -> I flew (2e vorm) to Sweden two weeks ago. Did you meet (did + HELE ww) her there last week?

Present Perfect -> I have never been (has/have + 3e vorm) to New York. Has she ever been (has/have + 3e vorm) abroad?


Slide 29 - Diapositive

Present Perfect vs Past Simple
General rule Past Simple:
  • Regular verbs: verb + ED
  • Irregular verbs: 2nd form (know by heart!!!!!)
  • Used when ACTIONION IS FINISHED - WHEN is IMPORTANT
  • Signal words: when/ago/last night/last week/yesterday etc.


General rule Present Perfect:
  • has (he/she/it) + past participle (-> regular verbs: verb + ED / irregular verbs: 3rd form)
  • have (I/you/we/they) + past participle (-> regular verbs + ED / irregular verbs: 3rd form)
  • Used for: RESULT is import (when=  NOT IMPORTANT/NOT MENTIONED; EXPERIENCE; RECENT ACTION; ACTION THAT STARTED IN THE PAST + IS STILL GOING ON /
  • Signal words: for/since/already/never/ever/always/yet/before/how long/how often etc.



Slide 30 - Diapositive

EXTRA Irregular Verbs Practice
Practice the irregular verbs using the website below (link next slide):

www.ego4u.com/grammar/irregular verbs


Slide 31 - Diapositive

Slide 32 - Lien

Past Perfect - earlier action in the past

Slide 33 - Diapositive

Past Perfect - also in indirect speech
Direct speech (iemand zegt rechtstreeks iets): 
Jan: "Have you ever been to Florida?"

Indirect speech (wat een ander gezegd heeft):
Jan asked me if I had ever been to Florida.

Bij de indirect speech ga je 1 tense/werkwoordtijd naar achter (je "backshift"):
  • Present Simple (hele ww/1e vorm; hele ww/1e vorm + s) -> Past Simple (2e vorm/ww+ed)
  • Present Perfect (Have/has +3e vorm) -> Past Perfect (Had +3e vorm)
  • Past Simple (2e vorm/ww+ed) -> Past Perfect (Had +3e vorm)
  • Past Perfect (Had +3e vorm) -> Past Perfect (Had +3e vorm) * je kan niet verder naar achter gaan dan deze tijd, en deze blijft dus ongewijzigd 

Slide 34 - Diapositive