V4 - comparisons, adjectives and adverbs, quantifiers

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Comparisons, Adjectives & Adverbs

Quantifiers

Adjectives

Bijvoeglijke naamwoorden met een getal schrijf je met streepjes ertussen

An eight-year-old boy
A 30-minute walk
A seven-week holiday

Adverbs

Adverbs can say something about a phrase or sentence

Surely, that was a mistake
Fortunately, I had been able to reach him

How to form an adverb

Put -ly after the adjective

• Sure – surely, beautiful – beautifully
  

Sometimes the spelling changes:

y -> ily            easy – easily
le -> ly            probable– probably

ic -> ically     fantastic - fantastically

Watch out: The adverb of 'good' is 'well'

Let's practice

For the next couple of questions, select whether the *word* between the asterisk is an adjective or adverb

She is a *wonderful* person

1. adjective
2. adverb

I have a *fantastic* brother

1. adjective
2. adverb

Steven learns very *quickly*

1. adjective
2. adverb

Those were some *easy* questions

1. adjective
2. adverb

Mark sings *well*

1. adjective
2. adverb

My new bicycle is *extremely* beautiful

1. adjective
2. adverb

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Watch out: friendly, silly, lovely, unlikely are adjectives, not adverbs!

If you want to use them as adverbs, you need to use 'way' or 'manner'

• He spoke in a very friendly way

• They acted in a silly manner

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Difficult and impossible don't have adverbs, so you need to rephrase

That boy speaks with great difficulty
I can’t possibly visit you next week

But:

That is an impossibly difficult job

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Words can be both adverbs and adjectives
This counts for words ending in –ly: daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early

• It’s a daily paper            It comes out daily

• We took an early bus        We got up early

It also counts for: high, low, far, fast, wrong, strange

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Adjectives and their adverbs can have different meanings

Short – shortly
Hard – hardly
High – highly
Late – lately

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Na werkwoorden die een zintuiglijke waarneming uitdrukken, zoals taste, look, feel, smell, sound komt er een adjective, geen adverb

Your chocolates tasted very good
She looked bad

Let's practice!

Fill in the correct form of the word in brackets

You didn't do your work ____ (correct).

That engine is very ____ (noisy).

Sorry! I acted ____ (stupid).

That cake is decorated ____ (extreme) beautifully.

Tim is a very ____ (hard) worker.

Comparisons

If you want to compare things you can often use -er, -est

• Cheap – cheaper – cheapest

• Short – shorter – shortest

This counts for all 1-syllable and some 2-syllable words (y-le-er-ow)

If they end in a y, the spelling changes to i

• Easy – easier – easiest

• Happy – happier – happiest

Comparisons

If the word consists of 3 syllables or more, you use 'more' and 'most'

• Beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful

• Attractive – more attractive – most attractive

Words with 2 forms

Old            older                oldest
Old            elder                eldest

Late            later                last
Late            later                latest
    
Far            farther / further            farthest / furthest

Other ways to compare

Even … als = as … as

• He’s as old as I am

Niet zo … als = not … as / not so … as

• She’s not as old as I am
• They were not as good as we thought
  

Other ways to compare

Hoe … hoe = the … the    /    steeds = more and more

• The sooner, the better
• It was getting more and more difficult

Dan = than / then (than na vergrotende trap, then in alle andere gevallen)

• It’s cheaper than you think

• First we’re going to London and then to Oxford

wat is het verschil
tussen much & many?

There were ___ (veel) complaints.

Is there ___ (veel) meat in the fridge?

You can send e-cards with just (een paar) clicks.

There is ___ (weinig) time to deal with this problem.

___ (weinig) people complained.

You shouldn't go up that ladder. It doesn't seem ...

1. safe
2. safely

Everything was really quiet. There was ... silence.

1. complete
2. completely

Jason speaks English very ...

1. good
2. well

Our team lost the game because we played very ...

1. bad
2. badly

You can ... do this if you put some effort into it.

1. easy
2. easily

This hamburger tastes ... ! What's in it?

1. awful
2. awfully

Kevin is ... clever.

1. extreme
2. extremely

I tried really ... to remember his name, but I couldn't.

1. hard
2. hardly

Adverbs

Adjectives

Adverb or Adjective?
      (20 points)

Magnificent

Never

Heroic

Always

Sadly

Bad

Amazingly

Horrible

Terribly

TekstDrag the adverb to the right place: nearly

She 

had

lost

her notebook

nearly

Drag the adverb to the right place:  (slowly) 

Mother

closed

the door

slowly

A word that tells you something about an object or a person. For example what it looks like. 

A word that usually describes an action, it is something you can do.

A word that identifies people, objects, ideas, places etc.

A word that is used to change the meaning of a verb, an adjective or another adverb

ADJECTIVE

VERB

ADVERB

NOUN