Y2 T4 recap on grammar T1-3

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Today:

Recap on grammar.

past simple - irr. verbs

past continuous vs past simple

present perfect

modals

adjectives and adverbs

present perfect vs past simple

Today:

Recap on grammar.

past simple - irr. verbs

past continuous vs past simple

present perfect

modals

adjectives and adverbs

present perfect vs past simple

And finish off with a quiz as preparation for the check up of March 23.

Past simple - Irregular verbs

regular verbs: add -ed

irregular verbs: no specific pattern.

- form stays the same (put, hit)

- consonant changes (spend - spent)

- consonant added -> usually the vowel changes too. (leave - left)

- ought/aught -> is there an 'a' in the infinitive, then 

aught. (catch - caught, bring - brought)

- vowel changes (blow-blew, break-broke)

Past continuous vs past simple

Past continuous: action in the past that went on for a longer period of time and has stopped.  -> was/were + verb+ing.

My brother was reading a book.

Past continuous and past simple in one sentence: one shorter action interrupts the other longer action. The shorter action -> past simple, the longer action -> past continuous.

My brother was reading a book when I came home.

Present perfect

Action in the past with a strong connection with the present.

Modals

Modal verbs are special. They do not change form (infinitive) and you do not use do/does/did when making questions or negations.

Can / to be able to (to be able to -> ability)

(Can -> ability, possibility, requests, permission,) 

Could (past tense of can -> More formal questions, expectations for the future but not certain. 

Must / have to / should (must and have to -> obligation. 

must -> speaker, have to -> someone else.

should -> advice, suggestion.

Adjectives and adverbs.

first: remember this?

set word order English sentences: SVO -> place - time.

My brother (S) rides (V) his bike (O) to school (P) every day (T).

Adjectives and adverbs

Adjectives -> give more information about a noun. Place before the noun.

My big brother rides his red bike.

Or placed after certain linking verbs.

The food tastes delicious.

Adverbs -> frequency or manner.

frequency -> placed before main verb, after to be.

He is usually late for school.

Other adverbs -> after main verb.

My sister sings beautifully.

Most adverbs -> add -ly to adjective.

Adverbs can also say something about an adjective or other adverb.

Present perfect vs past simple

past simple: happened and finished in the past.

present perfect: happened in the past, result still noticable now. Or started in the past and continue in the here and now.

I lived there for twenty years. (I live somewhere else now)

I have lived here for twenty years. (I still live here now)

Present perfect vs past simple -> differences

past simple: happened and finished in the past.

present perfect: happened in the past, result still noticable now. Or started in the past and continue in the here and now.

I lived there for twenty years. (I live somewhere else now)

I have lived here for twenty years. (I still live here now)

Present perfect vs past simple -> signal words

past simple: happened and finished in the past.

present perfect: happened in the past, result still noticable now. Or started in the past and continue in the here and now.

I lived there for twenty years. (I live somewhere else now)

I have lived here for twenty years. (I still live here now)

Quiz!

My brother .... (to make) breakfast when the doorbell ... (to ring)

Which adjectives can you think of?
The ....... actor put on a ....... show.

which one is correct?

1. My mom said I must bring these biscuits to grandmother.
2. My mom said I have to bring these biscuits to grandmother.
3. You must wear a helmet when you skate on a half pipe..
4. You should wear a helmet when you skate on a half pipe.

My brother fought ..... yesterday.

1. brave
2. bravely

Complete the text with the correct adjectives on the blanks. Don't use the adjectives more than once!

minute

enourmous

fantastic

delighted

funny

huge

sad

Sleep de signaalwoorden die horen bij de Present Perfect.

Signaalwoorden
Present Perfect

since

already

for

just

yet

never

ever

yesterday

last week

in 2019

last year

Check - up  March 23!