3V AR Review Grammar Unit 4

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Unit 4: The Caribbean: Grammar

Tenses

Past simple, past perfect, present perfect

Bij welke zin(nen) is de actie zeker afgelopen?

1. I waited for you yesterday.
2. I have waited for you for many hours.
3. I had waited for you for 5 minutes before you arrived.

Bij welke zin(nen) is de actie niet afgelopen?

1. I have lived in Groningen for 7 years.
2. I had lived in Groningen for 5 years before I moved to Rotterdam.
3. I lived in Groningen two years ago.

Bij afgelopen actie gebruik je:

• Past simple: ww+ed/2e rij
  I waited for you yesterday
  
  
• Past perfect: had + vd/3e rij
  I had waited for you for 5 minutes before you arrived.

Bij niet (zeker) afgelopen actie of het heeft een link met nu:

• Present perfect: have/has + vd/3e rij
  I have waited for you for many hours.
  She has lived in Groningen for 7 years.
  We have just finished our homework.

Present & past perfect

• FYNE JAS woorden: for, yet, never, ever, just, already, since

Wat gebeurt eerst in deze zin:
After I had done my homework, I went for a run.

1. finish homework
2. go for a run

Past simple vs. Past perfect

Actie 1 (gebeurt als eerste): Past perfect (had +vd/3e rij)

Actie 2: (gebeurt al tweede): Past simple (ww+ed of 2e rij)

After I had done my homework, I went for a run.

Actie 1                                     Actie 2

I went for a run after I had done my homework.

Wat gebeurt er eerst in deze zin:
I had called him before I left the house.

1. call him
2. leave the house

Past simple vs. Past perfect

Actie 1 (gebeurt als eerst): Past perfect (had +vd/3e rij)

Actie 2: (gebeurt al tweede): Past simple (ww+ed of 2e rij)

I had called him before I left the house.

Actie 1                       Actie 2

Before I left the house, I had called him.

Since I began acting, I (perform) ___ in two plays, a television commercial and a TV drama. However, I (speak, never) __
publicly before I came to Hollywood in 2010.

3. By the time I got to the office, the meeting (begin, already) __ without me. My boss (be) __ furious with me and I (be) __ fired.

4. Last week, I (run) __ into an ex-girlfriend of mine. We (see, not) __ each other in years, and both of us (change) __ a great deal.

Some/any

Some vs. Any

Some Somewhere, something, someone/body	>Bij bevestigend zinnen >Bij vragen met 'ja' als antwoord >Als je iets aanbiedt	I have some money. Can we go somewhere ? Would you like something to drink?
Any Anywhere Anything Anyone/body	>bij ontkennende zinnen >bij alle andere vragen >bij woorden: never, without, hardly	I don't have any money. Is anyone home? We never go anywhere .

We have ___ apples.

1. some
2. any

Did you see ___ good films this weekend?

1. some
2. any

We don't have ___ bread.

1. some
2. any

There are hardly ___ students here.

1. some
2. any

Would you like ___ to drink?

1. something
2. anything

They never listen to ____.

1. someone
2. anyone

Can I borrow ___ money?

1. some
2. any

I have to go, I need to be ___ in five minutes.

1. somewhere
2. anywhere

Singular or plural

Zelfstandige naamwoorden (nouns)

Sommige zelfstandige naamwoorden die enkelvoud zijn in het Nederlands, zijn meervoud in het Engels:

The police are arriving at the scene.

The surroundings of Belize are beautiful.

The stairs are very steep.

Bedenk nog een voorbeeld van een woord dat enkelvoud is in het Nederlands en meervoud in het Engels

Voorwerpen bestaande uit twee gelijken helften

Bij voorwerpen die bestaan uit twee gelijken helften gebruiken we meervoud:
Your swimming goggles are very colorful.

Scissors are dangerous to run with.

Na 'a' en telwoorden gebruik je 'pair(s) of'
A pair of glasses / Six pairs of scissors

Na 'a' en telwoorden gebruik je 'pair(s) of'. Bedenk een voorbeeld een voorbeeldzin hiervan

Wanneer gebruik je meervoud nog meer?

Bij combinaties met getallen:

I'm 15 years old

That game costs 34 euros!

Wanneer het onderwerp meervoud is: 

Mara and Parker bought over 20 different seashells at the shop.

They took their empty cups off the beach.

Maak nu een zin in combinatie met getallen of een onderwerp dat in het meervoud staat.

No change with these words:

A Chinese

A Vietnamese

A species

A means

one aircraft

all the Chinese

many Vietnamese

many species

several means (of transportation)

a dozen aircraft

Welke dieren kan jij benoemen die de zelfde vorm hebben in meer- en enkelvoud?

Indirect speech

de indirecte rede

Graham said (that) he was very worried.

In indirect speech gaat de tijd één stap terug in het verleden

Andy Carroll

Andy said (that) he felt like he was doing well.
In de indirecte rede verander je vaak ook het VOORNAAMWOORD
ik -> hij

Veranderingen

Bij indirect speech verander je ook vaak het persoonlijk voornaamwoord, bezittelijk voornaamwoord en de tijdsaanduiding in de zin.

Trish: 'We don't like shopping.'
Trish said (that) they didn't like shopping.

Veranderingen

Shane: 'My father and I will do it right now.'
Shane said (that) his father and he would do it straight away.

Paula: 'I did my homework last Friday.'
Paula said (that) she had done her homework the Friday before.'

Henk: "I hate doing homework."

1. Henk said he hates doing homework.
2. Henk said he was hating doing homework.
3. Henk said he hated doing homework.
4. Henk hates homework.

Mum: "Dad has never been late in his life."

1. Mum said dad had never been late in his life.
2. Mum said dad was never late in his life.
3. Mum said dad has never been late in his life.
4. Mum said dad was never been late in his life.

Teacher: "I am going to the cinema."

1. The teacher said he was going to the cinema.
2. The teacher said he is going to the cinema.
3. The teacher said I was going to the cinema.
4. The teacher said he had gone to the cinema.

Jenny: "I can't come to the party."

1. Jenny said she can't come to the party.
2. Jenny said she couldn't come to the party.
3. Jenny said she wasn't at the party.
4. Jenny said she missed the party.

Jasper: "I will phone you back."

1. Jasper said he will phone me back.
2. Jasper said he was phoning me back.
3. Jasper said he would phone me back.
4. Jasper said he would call me back.

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