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• Maatschappijleer
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Previously

Social cohesion:

Affectionate, Economic, Cognitive, Policital bonds

"Parent-child relation is soly an affective bond"
True? Explain

A marriage is soly an affective bond
True? Explain

Explain why a teacher-student relation is more than a cognitive and affective bond.

 Par 7 International Comparison

relation state and religion

Religious model - IRAN

Atheist model - CHINA

Religiously Neutral Model - UNITED STATES & FRANCE

Pluralist model - NETHERLANDS

Iran's state religion is Islam.
Are Jews allowed to practise their religion?

No, it is forbidden

Yes, like in the Netherlands

Yes, but they may not convert Muslims

other

State religion

• school!
• vice quads in the street (compulsory headscarves)
• strict social control 

(see above: remember process of socialisation!)

• some but very limited freedom for ethnic / religious minorities

What is your interpertation of this picture?
(taken in Iran)

Describe what a "vice squad" does. *U*

Warning: 

next slide is confronting

Atheist model - CHINA

• Communism => Marx => religion is opium to the people
• 
  
• Han Chinese = dominant

Minorities are treated as less 

(e.g. Buddhist Tibet)

• Confucianism (25 centuries ago)

very influential

SOLIDARITY & HIERARCHY (discipline leading to harmony)

Religiously neutral - USA

no official separation of  church and  state

no state religion either

yet, ideologically connected to Christianity

other ideological value / embedded in the constitution: FREEDOM of religion

Patriotism: overarching for all groups (black/white, Muslim) - 

pride is part of culture / schooling system

 

"Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
And this be our motto: "In God is our trust."
And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!"
This is:

1. the morning oath of US school kids
2. part of the US national anthem
3. oath US president during inauguration
4. citation from the Bible often used in the US

01:45

What do you feel or think,
hearing this anthem?

Religiously neutral - FRANCE

• Official separation church and state; religion is PRIVATE matter, 
• no place in public domain (unlike US)
• NO preference of religion (unlike US!)
• Forbidden to wear religious symbols in public domain (schools)

Upbringing: stricter than in the NLs; 

hierarchy, uniforms at school

French are known to be "chauvinistic".
What is this?

1. arrogant
2. extremely patriotic
3. welcoming other people
4. wine-loving

Iran, China, US, France, Netherlands
Which country is the most patriotic?

Iran

China

US

France

NLs

Plurality model - NLs

Less proud / patriotic  & less respect for hierarchy

Strong feeling of socio-economic solidarity

Danger of pluralist model: separated 'bubbles'

How do we keep 'national social cohesion'?

'Cultural relativism':
no one and everyone has the truth. What does this mean? (p. 174)

What are you happy with / proud of in the Dutch culture?

 Par 7 International Comparison

relation state and religion

Religious model - IRAN

Atheist model - CHINA

Religiously Neutral Model - UNITED STATES & FRANCE

Pluralist model - NETHERLANDS

Which term is not completely clear to you?

State religion

Atheist

religiously neutral

pluralist model

all is clear to me