6.1 Europe after Napoleon

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'Europe after Napoleon'

6.1

12/05/2023

VT21

In this lesson..

.. you will learn how large states in europe maintained the peace.

.. you will learn how nationalism arose.

.. you will learn how the Franco-German War broke out and unfolded.

.. you will learn how international tension increased.

Tijd van Burgers en Stoommachines
(1800-1900)

After Napoleon's victory in 1815, there were six major powers (states) in Europe: Great Britain, Russia, France, Austria, Prussia and the Ottoman Empire.

 

At the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815 the five powers, without the Ottoman empire, discussed how they could keep the peace.

To ensure that France cannot just attack England again, the countries of Belgium and the Netherlands had to be merged. With a new king, of course: Willem I 

 

Different groups of people lived in Europe in 1815. Nationalism formed among many people. They felt they were one nation and strived for a nation state. 

   

This wish did not match reality. Sometimes one people lived spread out over multiple states or different people lived in multi-ethnic states, such as Austria, Russia and the Ottoman empire. 

   

The growing desire to form nation states led to revolts and wars among many different people. This created new states, such as Greece, Belgium and Italy.

Nationalism also led to the Franco-German war (1870-1871), which was started by the Chancellor of Prussia, Bismarck.

Until 1871 Germany consisted of 39 regions. German liberals wanted a unified Germany and thus opposed the German monarchs.

 

Chancellor: German head of government, prime minister

opposition: opponents of a government

 

Bismarck tried to violently unify Germany by making France a common enemy. France lost the war and Germany became a nation state under the king of Prussia, who became emperor.

After 1871 tension between the states in Europe increased. Russia increased its power at the cost of the Ottoman empire.

Two Ottoman people, the Serbs and Bosnians were in a conflict with each other. This conflict eventually led to World War I.

"De oorlog die alle 

oorlogen zou beëindigen"

Nationalisme is:

1. Een eigen staat voor je land willen.
2. Een grote liefde hebben voor je eigen volk.
3. Een leger hebben om je eigen volk te verdedigen.
4. Niet zwakker willen zijn dan andere volken.

Welk woord heeft niets
te maken met nationalisme?

1. vlag
2. land
3. mitrailleur
4. volk

Huiswerk

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6.1: Europe after Napoleon