4H grammar: tenses, passive, direct and indirect speech

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Today

• Tenses (active)
• Passives
• Direct and indirect speech 

Tenses (active)

In welke tijd is deze zin?
She is swimming now.

1. Present simple
2. Present continuous
3. Past simple
4. Past continuous

In welke tijd is deze zin?
I have already eaten breakfast.

1. Present simple
2. Present perfect
3. Past simple
4. Past perfect

In welke tijd is deze zin?
I am always late for class.

1. Present simple
2. Present perfect
3. Past simple
4. Past perfect

Tenses (active)

• De actie die het onderwerp uitvoert wordt beschreven
• Weet de vormen van de tijden
• Weet wanneer je de tijden moet gebruiken

Tenses (active) - de vormen

Tenses (active) - gebruik

Past tenses

1. Past simple: actie is afgelopen
   I ate an apple yesterday.
2. Past continuous: actie was een tijdje bezig (voordat een andere actie deze actie onderbrak).
   I was washing the dishes when the phone rang.
3. Past perfect: een afgelopen actie die eerder in het verleden is gebeurt.
   I had baked a cake before I went shopping.

Use the past tense:
After I (fill) __ in the form, I submitted it to the office.

Use the past tense:
Last week, I (go) __ to a party.

Use the past tense:
My mother (cook) __, while my father (clean) __.

Tenses (active) - gebruik

Present tenses

1. Present simple: feiten, gewoontes, dienstregeling
   I usually walk to school. She usually walks to school.
2. Present continuous: actie is nu bezig, irritatie aangeven
   They are making a test right now.
3. Present perfect: actie die in het verleden is begonnen maar heeft een link met nu (FIJNE JAS) 
   We have just finished our assignment.

Use the present tense:
My school (finish) __ at 3 p.m. today.

Use the present tense:
John (never - be) __ to London.

Use the present tense:
I can't stand her! Why (arrive) __ she always __ late?

Tenses (active) - gebruik

Future

1. will: onzekere situaties, belofte, voorspellingen
   Wait! We will help you!
2. to be + going to: zekere plannen
   She is going to Australia next week.
3. present continuous: zekerdere plannen 
   She is flying to Australia next week.
4. present simple: schema's, dienstregeling
   The train leaves at 2 p.m..

Use the future:
Next month, I (drive) __ to my grandparents.

Use the future:
I promise I (help) __ you next time.

Use the future:
My class (start) __ at 1 p.m. today.

Tenses (passive)

• 'Passive' zinnen: de actie de het onderwerp ondergaat wordt beschreven.
• Het bestaat uit dezelfde tijden zoals de active, dus je gebruikt dezelfde regels
• Het enige dat verandert is de vervoeging van de vorm van de werkoord - Passive: to be + voltooid deelwoord
  I was born in 1994. The apple is being eaten now.

The passive vormen

Match the tenses with examples of their passive forms

Present simple

Present continuous

Past simple

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Future with will

had been invented

were sold

have been invented

are manufactured

is being encouraged

will be banned

Use the passive:
The windows (clean) __ right now.

Direct and indirect speech

• Van direct naar indirect speech ga je altijd één stap terug in de tijd.

Direct: "I am not going to the party" said Amy.

Indirect: Amy said that she was not going to the party.

Give the indirect speech:
"I have just finished the analysis" said the doctor.

Give the indirect speech:
" I will help you" said Amy.

Verder oefenen

• Test-jezelf unit 3 lesson 1 t/m 5
• Versterk jezelf 
• Huiswerk weer doornemen