V4 - Past Perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Past Perfect

Of Course P.82

Today

- What is the past perfect?

- When do you use the past perfect?

- When do you use the past simple vs. the past perfect?

Past Perfect ( voltooid verleden tijd

Had + past participle (voltooid deelwoord)

Toen Jeroen 25 was, had hij al 5 jaar gewerkt.

                                            had+ voltooid deelwoord

2 acties in de verleden

1. iets gebeurde in het verleden voordat iets anders gebeurde.( ook in het verleden).

2. De 1ste gebeurtenis: past perfect: had+ voltooid deelwoord.

2. De 2nd gebeurtenis: past simple: +ed/2nd woord van de rij.

Past Perfect 1

To show that one action was finished when another began.

• I apologised because I had left my money at home.
• I watched TV after I had done my homework
  

Past Perfect 2

To show that at some point in the past, an action or situation had been going on for a while.

• When I started to work at that supermarket, I had worked in a restaurant for two years.
• They had known each other for six months when they got married.
  

 Examples

1. I apologised because I had left my money at home.

2. I watched TV after I had done my homework

 3. When I started to work at that supermarket, I had worked in a restaurant for two years.

4. They had known each other for six months when they got married.

Timeline

Let's practice

Fill the correct form of the verbs into the gaps. Use the past perfect or the past simple.

After they ____ (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick.

When I ____ (arrive) at the cinema, the film ____ (start).

The lights went off because we _____ (not pay) the electricity bill.

She ____ (watch) a video after the children ____ (go) to bed.

They ____ (ride) their bikes before they ____ (meet) their friends.

Activity

You will be given a situation. Come up with a cause and an effect of the situation, then make a grammatically correct sentence using the past perfect for each. 

I had a fight with my sister last month

Cause: I had a fight with my sister last month because she had borrowed my bike and scratched it.

Consequence: I had had a fight with my sister, and so I didn't talk to her for three days.

I was very tired.

I was completely broke.

I got lost.

I was fired last week.

Please do ...

 Ex. 12 and 13 on page 82. Time left? Do exercises 14 - 19.