2.2 Fascism and communism TTO3

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• Leerjaar 3

2.2 Fascism and communism

characteristic aspect: 

the totalitarian character of the communist political system

(Think back to the lesson before the break)

What was the direct cause of the global economic
crisis of the 1930's?

What you will be able to explain after this lesson

• Fascism using its 4 characteristics.
• Why and how Stalin wanted to turn the Soviet Union into an industrial superpower.
• What the importance of propaganda and indoctrination is for an dictatorship. 

People in this lesson

Joseph Stalin

dictator

Soviet Union

Benito Mussolini

Fascist dictator

Italy

Vladimir Lenin

Communist leader

Soviet Union

Mussolini

Fascism (ideology):

government has total control of society.

He formed:

the National Fascist Party

1922:

Mussolini was oppointed prime minster

1925:

Italy becomes a one-party state + Mussolini dictator

 

Fascism > state ideology

The 4 characteristics
of fascism

1921:

New Economic Policy 

Communism <-> Capitalism

1924:

Lenin dies

Stalin takes over

Lenin

1936-1938:

the Great Purge

1928:

First 5-year plan > industrial superpower

Farmers:

needed to join kolkhozes > Collectivisation

Stalin

Soviet Union:

totalitarian dictatorship

Propaganda + indoctrination:

Religion and cult of personality

‘Father of Nations’

Stalin used propaganda in order to indoctrinate the Russians and make them believe that he was an all-powerful, wise and kind leader. A big

cult of personality around him was built, in which children had to learn songs and poems about him. They had to thank Stalin for their country and their lives. The phrase, ‘thank you dear comrade Stalin for our happy childhood,’ appeared above doorways at schools and nurseries. Posters, that pictured the dictator as a kind father figure and a powerful leader, could be found everywhere. Stalin was shown as the true follower of Lenin and because of this, his rule was faultless. Stalin was pictured next to Lenin, cities were named after him, books and music were written about him and almost every city had its own statue of the dictator.

"In 1920, [Dmitry] Moor designed a striking poster, "Bud' na strazhe!" (Be on Guard!) that featured a drawing of Trotsky holding a bayonet and standing, larger than life, on Russian territory, with minuscule enemies around him."

Soviet Union

1921: Lenin's New Economic Policy

1924: Lenin dies, Stalin takes over

1928: first Five-Year Plan

1936-38: the Great Purge

 

Italy

1922: Mussolini was oppointed prime minister

1925: Italy becomes an one-party state. 

Important dates:

What you will be able to explain after this lesson

• Fascism using its 4 characteristics.
• Why and how Stalin wanted to turn the Soviet Union into an industrial superpower.
• What the importance of propaganda and indoctrination is for an dictatorship.