2.3 The Prelude to the Dutch Revolt

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

2.3 The Prelude to the Dutch Revolt (1/2)

The first successful capture of a city by the Dutch Rebels. Den Briel 1572 

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you understand...

• how the Netherlands were governed.
• why the Dutch started to revolt.
• how the Dutch Revolt began.

What was a "indulgance" ?

2.3 The Prelude to the Dutch Revolt 

The first successful capture of a city by the Dutch Rebels. Den Briel 1572 

Charles V

• King of Spain
• Emperor HRE
• Lord of the Low Countries 
• After he retired, his son Philip II inherited the low countries

Who inherited the low countries after Charles V retired?

1. King Ferdinand
2. Philip II
3. Charles V
4. Willem of Orange

Read "Centralising the low Countries"
Answer: why would Charles V want to centralise the low Countries?

Centralising the Low Countries

• 17 'gewesten': independent provinces.
• They sent representatives to the States General.
• A governor would rule from Brussels in the name of Charles V.

Which city would the governor rule from?

1. Ghent
2. Bruges
3. Antwerp
4. Brussels

Abdication of Charles V. Philip II becomes the new lord of the Low Countries

Read: "The government of Philip II"
Answer: Give two reason why the dutch would dislike the government of Philip II

Philip II

• Anti-protestant
• Appointed stadtholders (=representative of the lord in the gewest).
•  Raised taxes

What did Philip II do to finance his military campaigns and governance?

1. Introduced subsidies
2. Raised taxes
3. Abolished taxes
4. Lowered taxes

Who did Philip II appoint as representatives of the lord in the gewest?

1. Stadtholders
2. Chancellors
3. Governors
4. Burgomasters

What was one of Philip II's policies towards Protestants?

1. Anti-protestant
2. Encouraging Protestantism
3. Pro-protestant
4. Neutral towards Protestants

The first governor: Margaretha of Parma

Sister of Phillip II (son of Charles V)

Previous lesson

Read: "Inquisition and the compromise of nobles"
Answer: What do you think the role of the "inquisition" was?
(hint: read page 41 "catholic church defends itself"

Inquisition

• Organisation that executed thousands of protestants for their belief.
• Was called 'Bloedraad' by many people. 

Compromise of Nobles

• 1566
• Request to stop with the persecution of protestants.
• Signed by 300 nobles
• Was temporarely accepted by the governor.

Read "Iconoclastic fury"
Answer: How did the protestants hold sermons without their own churches?

Escalation 1566

• Freedom leads to the Iconoclastic Outbreak (destroying churches).
• Philip II sends 10.000 soldiers under the control of Alva to the Low Countries. 

1568 - Battle by Heiligerlee

2.3 The Prelude to the Dutch Revolt (1/2)

The first successful capture of a city by the Dutch Rebels. Den Briel 1572