Imperative - Gerund - Infinitive

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Imperative

How to make it, when to use it?

How:

• You use the base form of the verb without a subject.
• e.g.: Close the window.

When:

• giving orders (Come here!)
• giving instructions (Whisk the eggs.)
• giving warnings (Watch out!)
• making requests, adding please (Pass me the salt, please.)

How many imperatives are in this fragment?
"Back it up, Mac! Look out for that Buick!” Walter Mitty jammed on the brakes. “Wrong lane, Mac,” said the parking-lot attendant, looking at Mitty closely. “Gee. Yeh,” muttered Mitty. He began cautiously to back out of the lane marked “Exit Only.” “Leave her sit there,” said the attendant. “I’ll put her away.” Mitty got out of the car. “Hey, better leave the key.” “Oh,” said Mitty, handing the man the ignition key.

1. 1
2. 3
3. 2
4. 4

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Gerund & Infinitive

What is it & when do you use it?

Sometimes you use a verb (werkwoord) as a noun (zelfstandig naamwoord). This can be done with a gerund (ing-form) or to + infinitive.

Examples:

• Reading is my hobby.
• We have just finished reading 'The Secret History of Walter Mitty'.
• I love reading short stories.
• We all love to read short stories.
• Roald wants to read more short stories.
• Sam hopes to write a good short story.

Sophie resisted ............. English in class.

1. to speak
2. speaking

Joseph promised his parents ............. to his home town often after he moved.

1. to return
2. returning

How can you defend them .... her?

1. to bully
2. bullying

I have been scared of ... in the ocean, ever since I saw the movie 'Jaws'.

1. to swim
2. swimming

Time to practice!

Look for the Gerund in your workbook or in eDition

Do exercises.