1.5 the Age of Hunters and Farmers (5)

• History
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

1. The Age of Hunters and Farmers

5. The first cities

What you will learn in 

this lesson

• why settling down and farming led to a surplus of food
• why a surplus of food led to specialised jobs and trade
• why specialised jobs and trade led to population growth
• why population growth led to social differences, rules, organisation and leadership in a city
• why a writing system was needed and what it was used for
• what the aspects of a city are
• that prehistory ended at the time that people developed a writing system

1a. Good farming led to a surplus of food.
What does this mean?

It means: if farming was successful...

1. there was more food than the people wanted
2. there was not enough food for everybody
3. not everybody was a good farmer
4. there was more food than the people needed

1b. What was the effect of a
'surplus of food'?

1. The farmers could work less hard
2. Some farmers could stop farming and do something different
3. Farmers could eat more so they got fat
4. Some farmers left the village to work somewhere else as farmers

1c. If someone is 'specialised' it means
that he...

1. is skilled in one special job
2. is skilled in many different jobs
3. is not skilled in any special job
4. has special powers, like Spiderman

Write down one example
of a specialised profession
in the Time of Hunters and Farmers

2a. Suppose in a farming village there was one person who hated farming.

Because there was plenty of food he began a specialised job as a shoemaker.

Write down one advantage (voordeel) for this shoemaker.

2b. Write down one advantage (voordeel) for the other farmers in the village.

What do we call the system in which
the shoemaker made shoes
in exchange for food?

3. Without a surplus of food the farmer could still become a shoemaker.

1. true
2. false

4. Which of these 4 means of existence
is impossible without settling down first?

1. hunting and gathering
2. farming
3. trading
4. specialised profession

5. Was population growth a
cause or an effect
of a surplus of food?

1. Cause
2. Effect

6. Social differences means

differences between poor people and rich people

1. True
2. False

What makes a city? A city has...

1. more than 1000 people
   
2. social differences
   
3. specialised jobs
   
4. trade with other places
   
5. rules and regulations (laws)
   
6. organisation and leadership
   
7. streets
   
8. cemeteries
   
9. a temple to worship a god / gods
   
10. a wall to protect the city
    

7. Of these 10 aspects of a city,
which 3 could also belong to
hunter-gatherers?
Choose the most likely ones.

1. 3, 4, 5
2. 2, 7, 8
3. 4, 5, 6
4. 2, 3, 6

although the early writing system still needed some further development....

glossary

surplus = more than you need

specialised = being very good at one sort of job or craft

profession = a job

trade = selling or swapping goods

advantage = something that puts you in a better position than other people.

means of existence = the way you get your income

social differences = difference between rich and poor

laws = rules in a country

summary

Poster: From Hunter-Gatherers to Cities

The poster we make in class is also your summary.

How well did you do this lesson?
(more answers are possible)

1. I read all the texts carefully
2. I answered all questions the best way I could
3. I finished word duty and did the summary task
4. I did A, B and C

Look again at the learning goalse

By now you should know:

• why settling down and farming led to a surplus of food
  
• why a surplus of food led to specialised jobs and trade
  
• why specialised jobs and trade led to population growth
  
• why population growth led to social differences, rules, organisation and leadership in a city
  
• why a writing system was needed and what it was used for
  
• what the aspects of a city are
  

that prehistory ended at the time that people developed a writing system

Do you think that this lesson was enough for you
to understand the learning goals?

1. yes, I got it.
2. no, I still do not understand everything

Was your answer in the previous question "A"?
Then you can answer "OK" here.

Was your answer "B"?
Then write down what part of the lesson you do not understand and (if you can) what can help you.

congratulations