The Rise of Hitler: From Democracy to Dictatorship
The Rise of Hitler:
From Democracy to Dictatorship
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The Rise of Hitler:
From Democracy to Dictatorship
Slide 1 - Diapositive
What do you already know about the interbellum period in Germany?
Slide 2 - Carte mentale
Learning Objective
At the end of the lesson, you will understand how Germany transitioned from a democracy to a dictatorship during the interbellum period, including the rise of Hitler.
Slide 3 - Diapositive
The 1920s in Germany
The Treaty of Versailles: a peace treaty signed after World War I that imposed heavy reparations and restrictions on Germany.
The Weimar republic was born, but faced already problems at the start:
Political problems: left-wing (progressive) and right-wing (conservative) got to fight. People did not trust democracy.
Economical problems: hyperinflation, no trust in the Deutsche Mark. This caused political unrest.
Slide 4 - Diapositive
Treaty of Versailles
Germany had no (big) army
Germany had to pay reparations
Germany had no more colonies
Germany became smaller
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Dagger thrust legend
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Price of 1 kilo bread
December 1921: 4 Mark
December 1922: 163 Mark
January 1923: 250 Mark
April 1923: 474 Mark
August 1923: 69.000 Mark
November 1923: 201.000.000.000 Mark
Slide 7 - Diapositive
Slide 8 - Diapositive
Rise of National Socialism
National Socialism, or Nazism, gained popularity in Germany with its extreme nationalist and anti-Semitic ideologies.
The Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, NSDAP), led by Adolf Hitler, aimed to seize power and establish a totalitarian regime in Germany.
The Nazis propagated a racist ideology based on the belief in Aryan supremacy and the persecution of non-Aryans.
Slide 9 - Diapositive
Adolf Hitler
Born in 1899 Austria
In 1913 moved to Berlin
Rejected for the Arts Academy
When WWI broke out, he volunteered for the army
After WWI he decided to go into politics
Joined the DAP which later became the NSDAP
Slide 10 - Diapositive
Bierkellerputsch 1923
- 13 months in prison
- Mein Kampf
Slide 11 - Diapositive
1933
The NSDAP won elections in 1932, but no absolute majority;
The Reichstag fire in 1933 was a pivotal event used by the Nazis to consolidate power and suppress political opposition.
The Nazis targeted and persecuted communist groups, using it as a justification to suppress political opposition.
With new elections, Hitler gained absolute majority by making false promises to other parties.
Slide 12 - Diapositive
Slide 13 - Vidéo
Totalitarian one-party state
The SA (Sturmabteilung): the parties army in brown shirts
The SS (Schutzstaffel): Hitler's elite troops that garded the concentration camps.
The Hitler youth (Hitlerjugend): the youth movement of which every boy and girl had to be a member.
Slide 14 - Diapositive
Discussion
Can something like what happened in the interbellum in Germany, still happen today?