Unit 9 - Time for a story - Past perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

What is the title of this fable? 

Ask five people:

How often do you read stories? Are they in your own language or English?  What sort of stories do you read?   (2 minutes)

USEFUL LANGUAGE

I  frequently/often read stories ......,          

I sometimes .....                                  I don't read stories very often.

I seldom.....                                           I  almost never read stories.

I never...........

Stories are almost alway written using a past tense: Past Simple, Past Continuous and the  PAST PERFECT

Past Perfect: Used to express an action in the past which happened before another action. ( I had seen John the morning he disappeared).

IT IS USED TO: Discuss events that happend BEFORE the main story- Mrs Corrigan had never run a marathon before.

How to form the Perfect tense

Present Perfect: Have/has + past participle

Past Perfect: Had + past participle

The Bear and the Travellers

Read the story, what is the moral? 

• Choose your friends carefully
  

NOW

In pairs complete the questions and answers in exercise 3

We will check the answers.

When you have finished, answer question 4 

Grammar Spot

In Pairs work through the tasks in the Grammar Spot

Extra help can be found in the Grammar Reference 9.1 on page 144 SB

Exercise 5 - Past Perfect

In pairs:

Example for Question 1. Why were the travellers tired? 

Because they had walked 20 miles. 

2. Why were they hungry? 

Because they hadn't eaten all day.

3. Why did one of them pretend to be dead?

Because he had heard that .........\

Homework:

Make sure you know the past particples of the irregular past tense verbs: look at page 158 in SB

Read the Grammar reference 9.1 Past Perfect on page 144

www.youtube.com

A quick review of the past tenses: .............

Past Simple: Used to express a completed past event. (I saw John yesterday)

• Past Continuous: past activity that has duration ( I was living in Paris)
• Present Perfect: Used to express a  past event which began in the past and continues to the present (I haven't seen John for a long time)
• Past Perfect: Used to express an action in the past which happened before another action. ( I had seen John the morning he disappeared)

What happened first???

When we arrived, Anna made some coffee.

When we arrived, Anna had made some coffee.

Questions in the Past Simple and the Past Continuous

Work  out the answers to Ex 2 Discussing Grammar on page 71 in SB, in pairs!

Both Past Simple. (When we arrived)

Past Simple, Past Perfect, (Anna made some coffee)

Extra task: If you have finished.....

 Read the text  about Achieving a Goal. Read the  Grammar Focus on the following slide.  Find and circle two more examples of the simple past. Underline two past perfect examples, and double underline two present perfect examples.

Which tense expresses an action before another time in the past ?

1. Present Perfect
2. Present Continuous
3. Past Simple
4. Past Perfect

Which tense is formed; have + the past participle ?

1. Present Simple
2. Present Perfect
3. Past Perfect
4. Past Continuous

Which tense is formed; had + the past participle

1. Past Continuous
2. Past Perfect
3. Present Continuous
4. Present Perfect

Which tense is this ?:
Mrs Corrigan had never eaten a Pizza until 1972

1. Past simple
2. Past Perfect
3. Past Continuous
4. Present Perfect

Which is the Past Perfect tense?

1. Mrs Corrigan has owned a sports car.
2. Mrs Corrigan owned a sports car.
3. Mrs Corrigan had owned a sports car before she bought a Ferrari.
4. Mrs Corrigan owns a sports car and a Ferrari.

Grammar Activity

Why did you say that?

Aim: To write answers for saying certain things using the Past Perfect tense and then to match a partner's explanations to the questions. 

Why did you say that?

Write an explanation in the past tense for each of the questions: 

Keep it a secret! Do not show anyone your answers.

1. Why did you say "sorry"to your friend? 

I had forgotten her birthday.

2. Why did you say " I hope so" to your teacher?

3. Why did you say "I can't" to your classmate?

4. Why did you say "Thank you"to your mother? 

5. Why did you say "be careful" to an old man? 

6. Why did you say "Don't be stupid"to a friend? 

Remember to answer in the Past Perfect Tense 

( I had + Past Participle) 

7. Why did you say "that's terrible" to a classmate? 

8. Why did you say "Don't do that again"to your dog? 

9. Why did you say "That's very nice of you" to your neighbour?

10. Why did you say "I promise"to your teacher? 

Now, work with a partner. Take it in turns to read one of your explanations at random to your partner. They have one chance to match the explanation to the right 'Why did you say ....? question. Award yourself one point for each correct match you make.

Homework

Ex 3 - page 71 - Match a line

Do you know all the Past Participles of the irregular verbs yet??

Use the list on page 158 in your Student Book (iPad)

OR: the cat song!