§3.3: water, sometimes too much - part 2

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

§3.3: water, sometimes too much

Today

• Recap previous lesson



• Explanation §3.3
• Videoclip + questions
• Assignments workbook

Which areas are at high risk of flooding?
There are 7 in total.

What is a human-caused reason for a high flood risk?

1. Tropical hurricanes
2. Coastal and river plains
3. Extreme rainfall
4. Areas which have been fossilised (versteend)

What is a nature-caused reason for a high flood risk?

1. Deforestation
2. Soil subsidence
3. Mountains with a rocky surface
4. Areas which have been fossilised (versteend)

 

By nature:

1. River and coastal plains
2. At the foot of a mountain with a rocky surface
3. Melting snow and heavy rainfall 
4. Tropical hurricanes 

By humans:

1. Deforestation 
2. Urbanisation 
3. Areas where the ground is sinking (soil subsidence)
   

Type of areas with a high flood risk

Today

• Recap previous lesson
• Explanation §3.3
• Videoclip + questions
• Assignments workbook

Learning goals

• You understand why the flood risk of many areas is increasing.
• You can assess a number of measures to reduce flood risks.

Vocabulary 

Water vapor	Waterdamp
Hypothermia	Onderkoeling
Contagious diseases	Besmettelijke ziekten
Dykes	Dijken
Retention basins	Bufferbassins
Enhanced greenhouse effect	Versterkt broeikaseffect
Increase	Toenemen

• Heavy storms with heavy rainfall
• Rising sea levels

• Number of floods increased from around 20 in 1970 to 200 per year now.
  
• Expectation: in 2050 the sea level will be 20 cm higher than it is today.

Number of floods is increasing:

Global warming > warming of the oceans > more water vapor  > increase in heavy rainfall

More periods of droughts, and more periods of heavy rainfall

Number of floods is increasing: heavy storms with heavy rainfall

• Expanding seawater
  
• Melting polar caps > land ice 
  

Number of floods is increasing: rising sea levels

Consequences of flooding

1. Direct consequences 
   
2. Indirect consequences 
   

Consequences of flooding: direct consequences

• Drowning
• Hypothermia
• Material damage

Consequences of flooding: indirect consequences

• Hunger
  
• Contagious diseases
  

Measures against flooding

1. Short-term
2. Long-term

Measures against flooding: short-term

• Dykes, dams and retention basins
  
• Monitoring the weather in the entire river basin (stroomgebied)
  
• Educating and training citizens 
  
• Safeguarding drinking water and food 

Measures against flooding: long-term

• Making ''room for the river'': no longer locking up the river between dykes
  
• Reducing the enhanced greenhouse effect 
  
• Don't let  people live in areas of high flood risk

Learning goals

• You understand why the flood risk of many areas is increasing.
• You can assess a number of measures to reduce flood risks.

Today

• Recap previous lesson
• Explanation §3.3
• Videoclip + questions
• Assignments workbook

Today

• Recap previous lesson
• Explanation §3.3
• Videoclip + questions
• Assignments workbook

00:44

How have we already prevented many river floods?

1. By building dykes
2. By building dams
3. By making more room for the river

01:34

Explain why the Netherlands has such a
high risk of flooding (both from the sea
and from the rivers)

02:37

Is this an example of short-term, or long-term measures?

1. Short-term
2. Long-term

05:46

Why was the flooding at Valkenburg probably not preventable?

08:49

Explain how climate change is causing
more precipitation, and therefore more
floods.

Start homework

• Read §3.3
• Make assignment 2, 3 and 4

Klaar?

• Have the assignments checked by your teacher
• Finish all the assignments from 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3