Relative pronouns

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

3V - 2024

Name a few relative pronouns

Remember Relative Pronouns?

What function do they have? 

- they link to a word mentioned in the sentence

- they link 2 parts of a sentence together

- they provide more information about people and things

FORM: who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when

Betrekkelijke voornaamwoorden

NL: die, dat, wie, wat, hetgeen, wiens

Voorbeelden: 

Het meisje dat daar loopt is mooi.

De jongen, wiens moeder in Engeland woont, is lang.

Who

We use who to talk about people

Examples: 

The boy who works in the canteen is nice.

The girls, who are best friends, work together.

Whose

We use whose to talk about who owns or has something: to show posession (NL = wiens)

Examples: 

- I am looking for the man whose car I hit.

- My sister, whose teacher is sick, only has 1 hour of English per week.

Whom

Whom is also used to refer to a person, often after prepositions like to, for, on, by. But nowadays it is also accepted to use who.

Examples: 

- The shop is looking for an assistant on whom / who they can depend.

- This is the boy whom / who I sold my bike to.

Which

We use which or that to talk about animals or things.

We use which: when extra information is NOT essential, so you can actually leave it out.

Examples: 

- The lemon ice-cream, which is the most popular, is sold out.

- The black dress, which you wore to the prom, is my favourite. 

When

We use when to express time (= wanneer, toen)

Examples: 

- This was the day when when we heard that Kate got married.

- Sidney is a great city, where you can do lots of activities.  

Where

Where is used for places (= waar)

Examples: 

- This is the house where I was born.

- It was a difficult time, when many people were hungry.  

Leaving it out

You can drop who, that, and which if the information is related to the object of the sentence, but not when it is related to the subject!

But you can never drop whose, which, where. 

Leaving it out

Examples: 

- The man who/that lent me the book.

- The man (who/whom) I borrowed the book from

- The book (which/that) I borrowed

- The guy whose car I borrowed

-  The pub where I met her

- The book the title of which is peace

That

- We use that when extra information is essential to understand who or what the sentence is about.   

- You cannot leave it out

Examples: 

- The lasagna that I wanted to eat is gone.

- The cat that broke its leg last month is walking again.  

Na een komma gebruik je nooit 'THAT',

maar altijd who or which.

Examples

The house that Jack and Amy built is big.

Wanneer de rel. pronoun na de komma komt, dan nooit THAT:

The lemon ice-cream, which is the most popular, is sold out 

This is Amy's sister, who I went to school with.

The student whose phone rang should bring it to me.

Make a sentence with a relative pronoun

This is the girl _____ broke her leg.

1. who
2. which
3. whose

Our new table, ____ is made of teak wood, is fantastic.

I haven't seen Matt, ______ brother is in jail, for a long time now.

1. who
2. whose
3. who's

Brent and Adrian are two brothers ______ faces look very much alike

This morning, my parents bought the dog ____ we saw in the shelter last weekend.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

Do you know the woman _____ son is a famous actor?

Yesterday I saw the car ____ was used for The Fast and the Furious.

1. what
2. which
3. who

I need someone _____ can fix my washing machine.

The sweater ______ you gave me is great.

1. who
3. that

This is the man ____ house is on fire.

1. who
2. whose
3. that

I really like the suit _____ you bought for the wedding!

Which relative pronoun can't go between commas?

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

I need someone _____ can fix my washing machine.

We gave the man _____ delivered our meal a two-euro tip.

Simone, _____ mother is the mayor, is very bright.

Make one sentence by using a relative pronoun:
- I applied for a job last week.
- They gave it to someone else.

Make one sentence by using a relative pronoun:
- My brother's best friend is Tom.
- Tom often comes over for dinner.

Make one sentence by using a relative pronoun:
- Paul started his job in law enforcement last week.
- He was fired today.

Assignment

Take your book and do ex. 38 

on p. 130. 

Finished? Go to ReadTheory

Evaluation

Who knows what today's goals were?

I now understand the relative pronouns

1. Easy peasy lemon squeezy
2. Hm, I have to practice some more
3. Nope, not at all

Taboo 

1. Work in groups of 4. 
2. You each pick a word and describe it to your group in English without using the word itself.

Game

Back to the Board - Game

Explain the word to your classmate